Sorbus intermedia: Difference between revisions
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'''''Sorbus intermedia''''' ('''Swedish Whitebeam''') is a species of [[whitebeam]] in southern [[Sweden]], with scattered occurrences in easternmost [[Denmark]] ([[Bornholm]]), the far southwest of [[Finland]]), the [[Baltic States]], and northern [[Poland]].<ref name=rushforth>Rushforth, K. (1999). ''Trees of Britain and Europe''. Collins ISBN 0-00-220013-9.</ref><ref name=dvf>Den Virtuella Floran: [http://linnaeus.nrm.se/flora/di/rosa/sorbu/sorbint.html ''Sorbus intermedia'' (in Swedish; with maps)]</ref> | |||
It is a medium-sized [[deciduous]] [[tree]] growing to 10–20 m tall with a stout trunk up to 60 cm diameter and grey [[bark]]; the crown is dome-shaped, with stout horizontal branches. The [[leaf|leaves]] are green above, and densely hairy with pale grey-white hairs beneath, 7–12 cm long and 5–7 cm broad, with four to seven oval lobes on each side of the leaf, broadest near the middle, rounded at the apex, and finely serrated margins. The autumn colour is dull yellowish to grey-brown. The [[flower]]s are 15–20 mm diameter, with five white petals and 20 yellowish-white stamens; they are produced in [[corymb]]s 8–12 cm diameter in late spring. The [[fruit]] is an oval [[pome]] 15 mm long and 10 mm diameter, orange-red to red, maturing in mid autumn. The fruit is dryish, and eaten by [[thrush (bird)|thrushes]] and [[Bohemian Waxwing|waxwings]], which disperse the [[seed]]s.<ref name=rushforth/><ref name=afm>Mitchell, A. F. (1974). ''A Field Guide to the Trees of Britain and Northern Europe''. Collins ISBN 0-00-212035-6.</ref> | |||
''Sorbus intermedia'' is a triploid hybrid between ''[[Sorbus aucuparia|S. aucuparia]]'', ''[[Sorbus torminalis|S. torminalis]]'', and either ''[[Sorbus aria|S. aria]]'' or one of its close relatives<ref>Nelson-Jones, E.B.; Briggs, D.; Smith, A.G. (2002). The origin of intermediate species of the genus Sorbus. ''Theoretical and Applied Genetics''. 105(6–7): 953–963.</ref><ref>Chester, M.; Cowan, R.S.; Fay, M.F.; Rich, T.C.G. (2007). Parentage of endemic Sorbus L. (Rosaceae) species in the British Isles: evidence from plastid DNA. ''Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society''. 154(3): 291–304.</ref>. It is closely related to ''[[Sorbus hybrida]]'' (Finnish Whitebeam), another species of [[Hybrid (biology)|hybrid]] origin, which differs in having the leaves more deeply lobed, with the basal two pairs cut right to the midrib as separate leaflets. Both are tetraploid [[apomixis|apomictic]] species which breed true without pollination. | |||
It is widely grown as an [[ornamental tree]] in northern Europe, valued for its tolerance of urban street conditions; it is very commonly used in [[avenue (landscape)|avenue]]s and urban parks.<ref name=rushforth/> It is frequently [[naturalisation (biology)|naturalised]] in the British Isles.<ref name=fnwe>Flora of NW Europe: [http://ip30.eti.uva.nl/BIS/flora.php?selected=beschrijving&menuentry=soorten&id=2743 ''Sorbus intermedia'']</ref> In recent years, much new planting of "Swedish Whitebeam" has actually been of the related ''[[Sorbus mougeotii]]'' (Vosges Whitebeam), another apomictic species from further south in Europe that has more erect branching, less deeply lobed leaves with whiter undersides to the leaves, and darker red fruit.<ref name=hansen>Hansen, K. F. (1985). Bornholmsk røn, Seljerøn, vogeserrøn. ''Haven'' 85 (7/8): 421-423 (in Danish).</ref> | |||
{{Inc| | {{Inc| | ||
Sorbus intermedia, Pers. (Pyrus intermedia, Ehrh. Sorbus scandica, Fries. Aria suecica, Koehne. Hahnia suecica, Dipp.). Tree, 20-40 ft. high, with oval head: lvs. ovate to oblong-ovate, broadly cuneate at the base, pinnately lobed with broad and short, irregularly serrate lobes and 5-8 pairs of veins, whitish tomentose beneath, 2 1/2- 4 in. long; petioles 1/2 – 3/4 in. long: fls. about 1/2 in. across, in broad, tomentose corymbs: fr. orange-red, globose or subglobose, about 1/2 in. high. May. N. and Cent. Eu.—This is sometimes confounded with S. hybrida and considered to be a hybrid of similar origin, but it is certainly a good species. It never bears distinct lfts. at the base and the sinuses do not reach farther than one-third toward the middle. | |||
Sorbus intermedia, Pers. (Pyrus intermedia, Ehrh. Sorbus scandica, Fries. Aria suecica, Koehne. Hahnia suecica, Dipp.). Tree, 20-40 ft. high, with oval head: lvs. ovate to oblong-ovate, broadly cuneate at the base, pinnately lobed with broad and short, irregularly serrate lobes and 5-8 pairs of veins, whitish tomentose beneath, 2 1/2- 4 in. long; petioles 1/2 – 3/4 in. long: fls. about 1/2 in. across, in broad, tomentose corymbs: fr. orange-red, globose or subglobose, about 1/2 in. high. May. N. and Cent. Eu | |||
{{SCH}} | {{SCH}} | ||
}} | }} | ||
==Cultivation== | ==Cultivation== | ||
===Propagation=== | ===Propagation=== | ||
===Pests and diseases=== | ===Pests and diseases=== | ||
== | |||
==Varieties== | |||
==Gallery== | ==Gallery== | ||
<gallery> | <gallery perrow=5> | ||
File:Sorbus-intermedia-flowers.JPG| photo 1 | |||
File:Sorbus intermedia1.jpg| photo 2 | |||
File:Zweedse lijsterbes 27-08-2005 15.29.26.JPG| photo 3 | |||
File:Sorbus intermedia2.jpg | |||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | |||
<!--- xxxxx *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381 --> | <!--- xxxxx *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381 --> | ||
<!--- xxxxx *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432 --> | <!--- xxxxx *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432 --> | ||
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Latest revision as of 23:15, 7 June 2010
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Sorbus intermedia (Swedish Whitebeam) is a species of whitebeam in southern Sweden, with scattered occurrences in easternmost Denmark (Bornholm), the far southwest of Finland), the Baltic States, and northern Poland.[1][2]
It is a medium-sized deciduous tree growing to 10–20 m tall with a stout trunk up to 60 cm diameter and grey bark; the crown is dome-shaped, with stout horizontal branches. The leaves are green above, and densely hairy with pale grey-white hairs beneath, 7–12 cm long and 5–7 cm broad, with four to seven oval lobes on each side of the leaf, broadest near the middle, rounded at the apex, and finely serrated margins. The autumn colour is dull yellowish to grey-brown. The flowers are 15–20 mm diameter, with five white petals and 20 yellowish-white stamens; they are produced in corymbs 8–12 cm diameter in late spring. The fruit is an oval pome 15 mm long and 10 mm diameter, orange-red to red, maturing in mid autumn. The fruit is dryish, and eaten by thrushes and waxwings, which disperse the seeds.[1][3]
Sorbus intermedia is a triploid hybrid between S. aucuparia, S. torminalis, and either S. aria or one of its close relatives[4][5]. It is closely related to Sorbus hybrida (Finnish Whitebeam), another species of hybrid origin, which differs in having the leaves more deeply lobed, with the basal two pairs cut right to the midrib as separate leaflets. Both are tetraploid apomictic species which breed true without pollination.
It is widely grown as an ornamental tree in northern Europe, valued for its tolerance of urban street conditions; it is very commonly used in avenues and urban parks.[1] It is frequently naturalised in the British Isles.[6] In recent years, much new planting of "Swedish Whitebeam" has actually been of the related Sorbus mougeotii (Vosges Whitebeam), another apomictic species from further south in Europe that has more erect branching, less deeply lobed leaves with whiter undersides to the leaves, and darker red fruit.[7]
| Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture |
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Sorbus intermedia, Pers. (Pyrus intermedia, Ehrh. Sorbus scandica, Fries. Aria suecica, Koehne. Hahnia suecica, Dipp.). Tree, 20-40 ft. high, with oval head: lvs. ovate to oblong-ovate, broadly cuneate at the base, pinnately lobed with broad and short, irregularly serrate lobes and 5-8 pairs of veins, whitish tomentose beneath, 2 1/2- 4 in. long; petioles 1/2 – 3/4 in. long: fls. about 1/2 in. across, in broad, tomentose corymbs: fr. orange-red, globose or subglobose, about 1/2 in. high. May. N. and Cent. Eu.—This is sometimes confounded with S. hybrida and considered to be a hybrid of similar origin, but it is certainly a good species. It never bears distinct lfts. at the base and the sinuses do not reach farther than one-third toward the middle. CH
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Cultivation
Propagation
Pests and diseases
Varieties
Gallery
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photo 1 -
photo 2 -
photo 3 -
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Rushforth, K. (1999). Trees of Britain and Europe. Collins ISBN 0-00-220013-9.
- ↑ Den Virtuella Floran: Sorbus intermedia (in Swedish; with maps)
- ↑ Mitchell, A. F. (1974). A Field Guide to the Trees of Britain and Northern Europe. Collins ISBN 0-00-212035-6.
- ↑ Nelson-Jones, E.B.; Briggs, D.; Smith, A.G. (2002). The origin of intermediate species of the genus Sorbus. Theoretical and Applied Genetics. 105(6–7): 953–963.
- ↑ Chester, M.; Cowan, R.S.; Fay, M.F.; Rich, T.C.G. (2007). Parentage of endemic Sorbus L. (Rosaceae) species in the British Isles: evidence from plastid DNA. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 154(3): 291–304.
- ↑ Flora of NW Europe: Sorbus intermedia
- ↑ Hansen, K. F. (1985). Bornholmsk røn, Seljerøn, vogeserrøn. Haven 85 (7/8): 421-423 (in Danish).
External links
- w:Sorbus intermedia. Some of the material on this page may be from Wikipedia, under the Creative Commons license.
- Sorbus intermedia QR Code (Size 50, 100, 200, 500)