Acer negundo: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 20:00, 17 September 2010

Acer negundo subsp. var.

Box elder, Box elder maple, Manitoba maple

Habit:		tree
Height:	⇕	to
Width:	⇔	to
	60 ft	30 ft
Height:	⇕	The wikipage input value is empty (e.g. <code>SomeProperty::, [[]]</code>) and therefore it cannot be used as a name or as part of a query condition. to 60 ft
Width:	⇔	The wikipage input value is empty (e.g. <code>SomeProperty::, [[]]</code>) and therefore it cannot be used as a name or as part of a query condition. to 30 ft
Lifespan:	⌛	perennial
Origin:	✈
Poisonous:	☠
Bloom:	❀	early spring, mid spring, late spring

Exposure:	☼	sun
Water:	◍
Features:	✓	flowers
Hidden fields, interally pass variables to right place
Minimum Temp:	☃	°F
USDA Zones:		5 to 9
Sunset Zones:
Flower features:	❀

Aceraceae >

Acer

negundo

var.

,

Acer negundo is a species of maple native to North America. Box Elder, Boxelder Maple, and Maple Ash are its most common names in the United States. Other variant names -- some of which are regional - include Ash Maple, Ash-leaf Maple, Black Ash, California Boxelder, Cutleaf Maple, Cut-leaved Maple, Negundo Maple, Red River Maple, Stinking Ash, Sugar Ash, Three-leaved Maple, and Western Boxelder. In Canada it is commonly known as Manitoba Maple and occasionally as Elf Maple^[1]. In Russia it is called American Maple (Template:Lang-ru) as well as Ash-leaf Maple (Template:Lang-ru).

Acer negundo is a small, usually fast-growing and fairly short-lived tree that grows up to 10-25 m tall, with a trunk diameter of 30-50 cm, rarely up to 1 m diameter. It often has several trunks and can form impenetrable thickets.^[2]

The shoots are green, often with a whitish to pink or violet waxy coating when young. Branches are smooth, somewhat brittle, and tend to retain a fresh green colour rather than forming a bark of dead, protective tissue. The bark on its trunks is pale gray or light brown, deeply cleft into broad ridges, and scaly.^[3]

Unlike most other maples (which usually have simple, palmately lobed leaves), Acer negundo has pinnately compound leaves that usually have three to seven leaflets. Simple leaves are also occasionally present; technically, these are single-leaflet compound leaves. Although some other maples (such as A. griseum, Acer mandshuricum and the closely-related A. cissifolium) have trifoliate leaves, only A. negundo regularly displays more than three leaflets.

The leaflets are about 5-10 cm long and 3-7 cm wide with slightly serrate margins. Leafs have a translucent light green colour and turn yellow in the fall.

The flowers are small and appear in early spring on drooping racemes 10-20 cm long. The seeds are paired samaras, each seed slender, 1-2 cm long, with a 2-3 cm incurved wing; they drop in autumn or they may persist through winter. Seeds are usually both prolific and fertile.

Unlike most other maples, A. negundo is fully dioecious and both a "male" and "female" tree are needed for either to reproduce.

Winter buds: Terminal buds acute, an eighth of an inch long. Lateral buds obtuse. The inner scales enlarge when spring growth begins and often become an inch long before they fall.
Flowers: April, before the leaves, yellow green; staminate flowers in clusters on slender hairy pedicels one and a half to two inches long. Pistillate flowers in narrow drooping racemes.
Calyx: Yellow green; staminate flowers campanulate, five-lobed, hairy. Pistillate flowers smaller, five-parted; disk rudimentary.
Corolla: Wanting.
Stamens: Four to six, exserted; filaments slender, hairy; anthers linear, connective pointed.
Pistil: Ovary hairy, borne on disk, partly enclosed by calyx, two-celled, wing-margined. Styles separate at base into two stigmatic lobes.
Fruit: Maple keys, full size in early summer. Borne in drooping racemes, pedicels one to two inches long. Key an inch and a half to two inches long, nutlets diverging, wings straight or incurved. September. Seed half an inch long. Cotyledons, thin, narrow.^[3]

[hide]Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture
A. negundo leaves and seeds Acer negundo, Linn. (Negundo fraxinifolium. Nutt. N. aceroides, Moench. Rulac Negundo, Hitchc.). Ash-leaved Maple. Box Elder. Fig. 101. Large tree, 70 ft.: lvs. pinnate; lfts. 3-5, ovate or oblong-lanceolate, coarsely serrate or 3-lobed, mostly glabrous, 2-5 in. long: fls. before the lvs.; staminate fls. in pendulous corymbs, pistillate fls. in pendulous racemes. E. N. Amer. S.S. 2:96. Michx. Hist. Arb. 2:18. H.T. 336.— Large, rapid-growing tree of spreading habit, thriving best in moist and rich soil. Much prized in the W., where it withstands cold and dryness. Largely used for shelter-belts and for planting timber-claims. Var. californicum, Sarg. (A. californicum, Dietr. Negundo californicum, Torr. & Gray). Branches pubescent when young: lfts. 3, of firmer texture, densely pubescent beneath: fr. not constricted at the base. W. N. Amor. S.S. 2:97. Nutt. N. Amer. Sylv. 2:72. Var. pseudo-californicum, Schwerin (A. californicum, Hort. A. Negundo var. californicum, Kirchn.). Branches green, bloomy; of vigorous growth. Var. violaceum, Kirchn. (A. californicum, Hort.). A vigorously growing form: branches purplish with glaucous bloom or finely pubescent when young. Var. argenteo-variegatum, Bonamy. Lvs. with broad white margin. Probably the most effective of all variegated hardy trees. F.S. 17:1781. Gn. 68, p. 402 (habit). G. 2:37; 11:97 (habit). Var. aureo-variegatum, Booth (var. aureo-maculatum, Schwerin). Lvs. spotted with yellow. Var. aureo-marginatum, Dieck. Lvs. with yellow margin. Var. auratum, Spaeth (var. californicum aureum, Hort.). Lvs. yellow. R.B. 1906:197. Var. crispum, G. Don. Lfts. curled. These horticultural varieties may be grafted on common box elder seedlings. Box elder also grows from hardwood cuttings, like the grape. Two new forms have been recently described as new species by Britton: A. interior, distributed from Alberta and Mont, to Ariz, and New Mex. (B.T. 655), and A. Klngii (B.T. 656), from Utah; they are closely allied to var. californicum, but differ in their glabrous foliage; in the first the wings of the samara are adnate to the nutlet only to or above the middle; in the second the wings reach the point of union of the nutlets.^CH The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.

Cultivation

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Propagation

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Pests and diseases

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Varieties

Cultivars:

'Auratum' - yellowish leaves with smooth undersides
'Aureomarginatum' - creamy yellow leaf margins
'Baron' - Hardier & seedless variety
'Elegans' - distinctively convex leaves
'Flamingo' - pink and white variegation (very popular)
'Variegatum' - creamy white leaf margins
'Violaceum' - younger shoots and branches have blueish color

Subspecies:

A. negundo is often discussed as being comprised of three subspecies, each of which was originally described as a separate species. These are:

A. negundo subsp. negundo is the main variety and the type to which characteristics described in the article most universally apply. Its natural range is from the Atlantic Coast to the Rocky Mountains.^[2]
A. negundo subsp. interius has more leaf serration than the main species and a more matte leaf surface. As the name interus indicates, its natural range of Saskatchewan to New Mexico is sandwiched between that of the other two subspecies.^[2]
A. negundo subsp. californicum has larger leaves than the main species. Leaves also have a velvety texture which is essential to distinguish it from A. negundo subsp. negundo. It is found in parts of California and Arizona.^[2]

Some authors further subdivide subsp. negundo into a number of regional varieties but these intergrade and their maintenance as distinct taxa is disputed by many. Even the differences between recognized subspecies are probably a matter of gradient speciation

Finally, note that a few botanists treat Boxelder Maple as its own distinct genus (Negundo aceroides) but this is not widely accepted.

Gallery

photo 1
photo 2
photo 3

References

↑ Community trees of the Prairie provinces - Canadian Forest Service
↑ ^{Jump up to: 2.0} ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 van Gelderen, C.J. & van Gelderen, D.M. (1999). Maples for Gardens: A Color Encyclopedia.
↑ ^{Jump up to: 3.0} ^3.1 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Keeler

External links

w:Acer negundo. Some of the material on this page may be from Wikipedia, under the Creative Commons license.
Acer negundo QR Code (Size 50, 100, 200, 500)

This article is a stub. You can help Gardenology.org by expanding it.

[1] Community trees of the Prairie provinces - Canadian Forest Service

[gelderen-2] {Jump up to: 2.0} ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 van Gelderen, C.J. & van Gelderen, D.M. (1999). Maples for Gardens: A Color Encyclopedia.

[Keeler-3] {Jump up to: 3.0} ^3.1 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Keeler

[1]

[2]

[3]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{Taxobox
+{{SPlantbox
-| color = lightgreen
+|familia=Aceraceae
-| name = ''Acer negundo''
+|genus=Acer
-| status = {{StatusSecure}}
+|species=negundo
-| image = Acnegundo.jpg
+|common_name=Box elder, Box elder maple, Manitoba maple
-| image_width = 240px
+|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
-| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
+|habit=tree
-| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
+|habit_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
-| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
+|Max ht box=60
-| ordo = [[Sapindales]]
+|Max ht metric=ft
-| familia = [[Aceraceae]]
+|height_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
-| genus = ''[[Maple|Acer]]''
+|Max wd box=30
-| species = '''''A. negundo'''''
+|Max wd metric=ft
-| binomial = ''Acer negundo''
+|width_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
-| binomial_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus]]
+|lifespan=perennial
-| range_map = Acer negundo range.PNG
+|life_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
-| range_map_width = 240px
+|exposure=sun
-| range_map_caption = Range
+|sun_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
+|features=flowers
+|flower_season=early spring, mid spring, late spring
+|flower_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
+|Temp Metric=°F
+|min_zone=5
+|usda_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
+|max_zone=9
+|image=Acer negundo-78.JPG
+|image_width=240
 }}
+'''''Acer negundo''''' is a species of [[maple]] native to [[North America]]. '''Box Elder''', '''Boxelder Maple''', and '''Maple Ash''' are its most common names in the United States. Other variant names -- some of which are regional - include Ash Maple, Ash-leaf Maple, Black Ash, California Boxelder, Cutleaf Maple, Cut-leaved Maple, Negundo Maple, Red River Maple, Stinking Ash, Sugar Ash, Three-leaved Maple, and Western Boxelder.  In [[Canada]] it is commonly known as '''Manitoba Maple''' and occasionally as '''Elf Maple'''<ref>[http://cfs.nrcan.gc.ca/index/commtreesprairies/manitobamaple Community trees of the Prairie provinces - Canadian Forest Service<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>. In [[Russia]] it is called '''American Maple''' ({{lang-ru|американский клён}}) as well as Ash-leaf Maple ({{lang-ru|клён ясенелистный}}).
-'''''Acer negundo''''' is a species of [[maple]] native to [[North America]]. '''Box Elder''', '''Boxelder Maple''', and '''Maple Ash''' are its most common names in the United States.  In [[Canada]] it is known as '''Manitoba Maple'''. In [[Russia]] it is called '''American Maple''' ({{lang-ru|американский клён}}).
+''Acer negundo'' is a small, usually fast-growing and fairly short-lived [[tree]] that grows up to 10-25 m tall, with a trunk diameter of 30-50&nbsp;cm, rarely up to 1 m diameter.  It often has several trunks and can form impenetrable thickets.<ref name="gelderen">van Gelderen, C.J. & van Gelderen, D.M. (1999). ''Maples for Gardens: A Color Encyclopedia''.</ref>
-==Common names==
+The shoots are green, often with a whitish to pink or violet [[wax]]y coating when young.  Branches are smooth, somewhat brittle, and tend to retain a fresh green colour rather than forming a [[bark]] of dead, protective tissue.  The bark on its trunks is pale gray or light brown, deeply cleft into broad ridges, and scaly.<ref name=Keeler />
-Indicative of its familiarity to many people over a large geographic range, ''A. negundo'' has numerous common names.
+Unlike most other maples (which usually have [[leaf shape|simple]], [[leaf shape|palmate]]ly [[leaf shape|lobe]]d  [[leaf|leaves]]), ''Acer negundo'' has [[leaf shape|pinnate]]ly [[leaf shape|compound]] leaves that usually have three to seven leaflets.  Simple leaves are also occasionally present;  technically, these are single-leaflet compound leaves.  Although some other maples (such as [[Acer griseum|''A. griseum'']], ''[[Acer mandshuricum]]'' and the closely-related [[Acer cissifolium|''A. cissifolium'']]) have [[leaf shape|trifoliate]] leaves, only ''A. negundo'' regularly displays more than three leaflets.
-The names "Box Elder" and "Boxelder Maple" are based upon the similarity of its whitish wood to that of [[Buxus|boxwood]] and the similarity of its pinnately compound leaves with those of some species of [[Sambucus|elder]].<ref>[http://www.depauw.edu/univ/naturepark/natural_history/trees/aceraceae/acer_negundo.htm DePauw University]</ref>
+The leaflets are about 5-10&nbsp;cm long and 3-7&nbsp;cm wide with slightly serrate margins.  Leafs have a [[translucence|translucent]] light green colour and turn yellow in the [[Autumn|fall]].
-Other common names are based upon this maple's similarity to [[Fraxinus|ash]], its preferred environment, its [[maple syrup|sugary sap]], a description of its leaves, its [[binomial name]], and so on.
+The [[flower]]s are small and appear in early spring on drooping [[raceme]]s 10-20&nbsp;cm long.  The [[seed]]s are paired [[Samara (fruit)|samara]]s, each seed slender, 1-2&nbsp;cm long, with a 2-3&nbsp;cm incurved wing; they drop in autumn or they may persist through winter.  Seeds are usually both prolific and [[fertile]].
-These names include (but are not limited to)  Ash-, Cut- or Three-leaf (or -leaved) Maple, Ash Maple, Sugar Ash, Negundo Maple, and River Maple.<ref>[http://www.windsorplywood.com Acer spp.
+Unlike most other maples, ''A. negundo'' is fully [[plant sexuality|dioecious]] and both a "male" and "female" tree are needed for either to reproduce.
-Aceraceae] Note that some of the common names given in this reference are questionable.  "Black Ash" and "Stinking Ash" typically refer to ''[[Hoptree|Ptelea trifoliata]]'' and ''[[Fraxinus nigra]]'', respectively.  This reference is retained as an example of the confusion which arises when plants such as ''A. negundo'' are discussed by other than their [[scientific name]]s.</ref>
-Common names may also designate a particular [[subspecies]].  For example, a common name for ''A. negundo'' subsp. ''interius'' may be preceded by "Inland" (as in "Inland Boxelder Maple").  A common name for ''A. negundo'' subsp. ''californicum'' may be preceded by "California" or "Western."
+* Winter buds: Terminal buds acute, an eighth of an inch long.  Lateral buds obtuse.  The inner scales enlarge when spring growth begins and often become an inch long before they fall.
+* Flowers: April, before the leaves, yellow green; staminate flowers in clusters on slender hairy pedicels one and a half to two inches long.  Pistillate flowers in narrow drooping racemes.
+* Calyx: Yellow green; staminate flowers campanulate, five-lobed, hairy.  Pistillate flowers smaller, five-parted; disk rudimentary.
+* Corolla: Wanting.
+* Stamens: Four to six, exserted; filaments slender, hairy; anthers linear, connective pointed.
+* Pistil: Ovary hairy, borne on disk, partly enclosed by calyx, two-celled, wing-margined.  Styles separate at base into two stigmatic lobes.
+* Fruit: Maple keys, full size in early summer.  Borne in drooping racemes, pedicels one to two inches long.  Key an inch and a half to two inches long, nutlets diverging, wings straight or incurved.  September.  Seed half an inch long.  Cotyledons, thin, narrow.<ref name=Keeler />
-==Description==
+{{Inc|
+[[Image:Acer-negundo.jpg|thumb|right|''A. negundo'' leaves and seeds]]
+Acer negundo, Linn. (Negundo fraxinifolium. Nutt. N. aceroides, Moench. Rulac Negundo, Hitchc.). Ash-leaved Maple. Box Elder. Fig. 101. Large tree, 70 ft.: lvs. pinnate; lfts. 3-5, ovate or oblong-lanceolate, coarsely serrate or 3-lobed, mostly glabrous, 2-5 in. long: fls. before the lvs.; staminate fls. in pendulous corymbs, pistillate fls. in pendulous racemes. E. N. Amer. S.S. 2:96. Michx. Hist. Arb. 2:18. H.T. 336.— Large, rapid-growing tree of spreading habit, thriving best in moist and rich soil. Much prized in the W., where it withstands cold and dryness. Largely used for shelter-belts and for planting timber-claims. Var. californicum, Sarg. (A. californicum, Dietr. Negundo californicum, Torr. & Gray). Branches pubescent when young: lfts. 3, of firmer texture, densely pubescent beneath: fr. not constricted at the base. W. N. Amor. S.S. 2:97. Nutt. N. Amer. Sylv. 2:72. Var. pseudo-californicum, Schwerin (A. californicum, Hort. A. Negundo var. californicum, Kirchn.). Branches green, bloomy; of vigorous growth. Var. violaceum, Kirchn. (A. californicum, Hort.). A vigorously growing form: branches purplish with glaucous bloom or finely pubescent when young. Var. argenteo-variegatum, Bonamy. Lvs. with broad white margin. Probably the most effective of all variegated hardy trees. F.S. 17:1781. Gn. 68, p. 402 (habit). G. 2:37; 11:97 (habit). Var. aureo-variegatum, Booth (var. aureo-maculatum, Schwerin). Lvs. spotted with yellow. Var. aureo-marginatum, Dieck. Lvs. with yellow margin. Var. auratum, Spaeth (var. californicum aureum, Hort.). Lvs. yellow. R.B. 1906:197. Var. crispum, G. Don. Lfts. curled. These horticultural varieties may be grafted on common box elder seedlings. Box elder also grows from hardwood cuttings, like the grape. Two new forms have been recently described as new species by Britton: A. interior, distributed from Alberta and Mont, to Ariz, and New Mex. (B.T. 655), and A. Klngii (B.T. 656), from Utah; they are closely allied to var. californicum, but differ in their glabrous foliage; in the first the wings of the samara are adnate to the nutlet only to or above the middle; in the second the wings reach the point of union of the nutlets.{{SCH}}
+}}
-''A. negundo'' is a small, usually fast-growing and fairly short-lived [[tree]] that grows up to 10-25 m tall, with a trunk diameter of 30-50 cm, rarely up to 1 m diameter.  It often has several trunks and can form impenetrable thickets.<ref name="gelderen">van Gelderen, C.J. & van Gelderen, D.M. (1999). ''Maples for Gardens: A Color Encyclopedia''.</ref>
+==Cultivation==
+{{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
-The shoots are green, often with a whitish to pink or violet [[wax]]y coating when young.  Branches are smooth, somewhat brittle, and tend to retain a fresh green colour rather than forming a [[bark]] of dead, protective tissue.
+===Propagation===
+{{edit-prop}}<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
-Unlike most other maples (which usually have [[leaf shape|palmate]] [[leaf|leaves]]), ''A. negundo'' has [[pinnate]] leaves have three to seven leaflets (usually three).  Although some other maples (such as [[Acer griseum|''A. griseum'']], [[Acer mandshuricum|''Acer mandshuricum'']] and the closely-related [[Acer cissifolium|''A. cissifolium'']]) have trifoliate leaves, only ''A. negundo'' regularly displays more than three leaflets.
+===Pests and diseases===
+{{edit-pests}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
-Leaflets are about 5-10 cm long and 3-7 cm wide with slightly serrate margins.  Leafs have a [[translucence|translucent]] light green colour and turn yellow in fall.
+==Varieties==
+Cultivars:
-The [[flower]]s are small and appear in early [[Spring (season)|spring]] on drooping [[raceme]]s 10-20 cm long.  The [[seed]]s are paired [[samara]]s, each seed slender, 1-2 cm long, with a 2-3 cm incurved wing; they drop in [[autumn]] or may persist through winter.  Seeds are usually both prolific and [[fertile]].
+*'Auratum' - yellowish leaves with smooth undersides
+*'Aureomarginatum' - creamy yellow leaf margins
-Unlike most other maples, the ''A. negundo'' is fully [[plant sexuality|dioecious]] and both a "male" and "female" tree are needed for either to reproduce.
+*'Baron' - Hardier & seedless variety
+*'Elegans' - distinctively convex leaves
+*'Flamingo' - pink and white [[variegation]] (very popular)
+*'Variegatum' - creamy white leaf margins
+*'Violaceum' - younger shoots and branches have blueish color
-==Subspecies==
+Subspecies:
-''A. negundo
+''A. negundo'' is often discussed as being comprised of three subspecies, each of which was originally described as a separate species.  These are:
-'' is often discussed as being comprised of three subspecies, each of which was originally described as a separate species.  These are:
 *''A. negundo'' subsp. ''negundo'' is the main variety and the type to which characteristics described in the article most universally apply.  Its natural range is from the [[Atlantic Coast]] to the Rocky Mountains.<ref name="gelderen"/>
@@ Line 61: / Line 85: @@
 Finally, note that a few botanists treat Boxelder Maple as its own distinct genus (''Negundo aceroides'') but this is not widely accepted.
-==Range==
-As noted, varieties of Boxelder maple thrive across the [[United States]] and Canada.  It may also be found as far south as [[Guatemala]] and it has become naturalized in eastern [[China]].<ref name="gelderen"/>
-Although native to North America, it is considered an [[invasive species]] in some areas of that continent.  It can quickly colonize  both cultivated and uncultivated areas.  The range is therefore expanding both in North America and elsewhere.
-==Ecology==
-[[Image:Acer-negundo.jpg|thumb|right|''A. negundo'' leaves and seeds]]
+==Gallery==
-This species prefers bright sunlight. It often grows on flood plains and other disturbed areas with ample water supply, such as [[riparian]] habitats. Human influence has greatly favoured this species; it grows around houses and in hedges, as well as on disturbed ground and vacant lots.
+<gallery perrow=5>
+Image:Acer negundo californicum Tehachapi.jpg| photo 1
-Several [[bird]]s and some [[squirrel]]s feed on the seeds.  The [[Evening Grosbeak]] uses them extensively. The [[Maple Bug]] (also known as the Boxelder Bug) lays its [[egg (biology)|eggs]] on all maples, but prefers this species.
+Image:Upload.png| photo 2
+Image:Upload.png| photo 3
-==Cultivation==
+</gallery>
-Although its weak wood, irregular form, and prolific seeding might make it seem like a poor choice for a landscape tree, ''A. negundo'' is one of the most common maples in cultivation and many interesting [[cultivar]]s have been developed, including:<ref name="gelderen"/>
-*'Auratum' - yellowish leaves with smooth undersides
-*'Aureomarginatum' - creamy yellow leaf margins
-*'Baron' - Hardier & seedless variety
-*'Elegans' - distinctively convex leaves
-*'Flamingo' - pink and white [[variegation]] (very popular)
-*'Variegatum' - creamy white leaf margins
-*'Violaceum' - younger shoots and branches have blueish color
-Although its wood is considered undesirable for most uses, this tree has been considered as a commercial source of wood fibre, for use in [[fiberboard|fibreboard]].
 ==References==
 <references/>
-*Maeglin, R. R. & Ohmann, L. F. (1973). Boxelder (Acer negundo): A Review and Commentary. ''Bull. Torrey Bot. Club'' 100 (6): 357-363.
+<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
+<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
+<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
 ==External links==
+*{{wplink}}
-*[http://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/species/frame/acne2.htm ''Acer negundo'' images at bioimages.vanderbilt.edu]
+{{stub}}
-{{commons|Acer negundo}}
+__NOTOC__
-*[http://www.museum.state.il.us/muslink/forest/htmls/trees/A-negundo.html ''Acer negundo'' facts and diagnostic traits]
-[[Category:Sapindaceae]]
-[[Category:Trees of Western Canada]]
-[[Category:Trees of Manitoba]]
-[[Category:Trees of the United States]]
-[[Category:Trees of Southern Mexico]]
-[[Category:Trees of Guatemala]]