Grey Alder: Difference between revisions

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{{Taxobox
{{SPlantbox
| color = lightgreen
|familia=Betulaceae
| name = Grey Alder
|genus=Alnus
| image = Alnus incana rugosa leaves.jpg
|species=incana
| image_width = 240px
|common_name=Gray alder
| image_caption = Speckled Alder ''Alnus incana'' subsp. ''rugosa''
|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
|habit=tree
| divisio = [[flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
|habit_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
| classis = [[dicotyledon|Magnoliopsida]]
|Max ht box=70
| ordo = [[Fagales]]
|Max ht metric=ft
| familia = [[Betulaceae]]
|height_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
| genus = ''[[Alder|Alnus]]''
|Max wd box=30
| species = '''''A. incana'''''
|Max wd metric=ft
| binomial = ''Alnus incana''
|width_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
| binomial_authority = ([[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]) [[Conrad Moench|Moench]]
|lifespan=perennial
|life_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
|exposure=sun
|sun_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
|features=fire resistant
|Temp Metric=°F
|min_zone=3
|usda_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
|max_zone=9
|image=Alnus incana rugosa leaves.jpg
|image_width=240
|image_caption=Speckled Alder ''Alnus incana'' subsp. ''rugosa''
}}
}}


The '''Grey Alder''' or '''Speckled Alder''' (''Alnus incana'') is an [[alder]] with a wide range across the cooler parts of the [[Northern Hemisphere]]. It is a small to medium size [[tree]] 15-20 m tall with smooth grey bark even in old age, its life span being a maximum of 60-100 years. The [[leaf|leaves]] are matt green, ovoid, 5-11 cm long and 4-8 cm broad. The [[flower]]s are [[catkin]]s, appearing early in spring before the leaves emerge, the male catkins pendulous, 5-10 cm long, the female catkins 1.5 cm long and 1 cm broad when mature in late autumn. The [[seed]]s are small, 1-2 mm long, light brown with a narrow encircling wing. The Grey Alder has a shallow root system, and is marked not only by vigorous production of stump suckers, but also by root suckers, especially in the northern parts of its range.
{{Inc|
Alnus incana, Willd. Shrub or tree, to 60 ft. : branches pubescent: lvs. oval or oblong-ovate, acute, 1 1/4-4 in. long, doubly serrate, pubescent or nearly glabrous beneath: cones 4-8; mostly sessile, 1/2 in. long. Northern hemisphere, in different varieties.
{{SCH}}
}}


The Grey Alder is a light-demanding, fast-growing tree that is very tolerant and grows well on poorer soils. In central Europe, it is a colonist of alluvial land alongside mountain brooks and streams, occurring at elevations up to 1500 metres. However, it does not require moist soil, and is a colonist of screes and shallow stony slopes. It is sometimes used for afforestation on non-fertile soils which it enriches by means of its nitrogen-fixing nodules. The wood resembles that of the common alder, but is somewhat paler and of little value.
==Cultivation==
{{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->


There are four to six subspecies, some treated as separate species by some authors:
===Propagation===
{{edit-prop}}<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
 
===Pests and diseases===
{{edit-pests}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
 
==Species==
There are four to six subspecies, some treated as separate species by some authors{{wp}}:
*''Alnus incana'' subsp. ''incana'' (Grey Alder). Northern [[Europe]] and northwestern [[Asia]], and central and southern Europe in mountains, mainly in the regions of the [[Alps]], [[Carpathian |Carpathians]] and the [[Caucasus]].
*''Alnus incana'' subsp. ''incana'' (Grey Alder). Northern [[Europe]] and northwestern [[Asia]], and central and southern Europe in mountains, mainly in the regions of the [[Alps]], [[Carpathian |Carpathians]] and the [[Caucasus]].
*''Alnus incana'' subsp. ''hirsuta'' (''A. hirsuta''; Manchurian Alder). Northeastern [[Asia]], and central Asia in mountains.
*''Alnus incana'' subsp. ''hirsuta'' (''A. hirsuta''; Manchurian Alder). Northeastern [[Asia]], and central Asia in mountains.
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*''Alnus incana'' subsp. ''tenuifolia'' (''A. tenuifolia''; Thinleaf Alder or Mountain Alder). Northwestern [[North America]].
*''Alnus incana'' subsp. ''tenuifolia'' (''A. tenuifolia''; Thinleaf Alder or Mountain Alder). Northwestern [[North America]].


Several species of [[List of Lepidoptera which feed on Alders|Lepidoptera]] use Grey Alder as a food plant.
From SCH{{SCH}}:
Var. glauca, Ait. (A. glauca, Michx.). Shrub, to 12 ft.: lvs. often nearly glabrous beneath. N. Amer., Eu. Em. 251.
 
Var. vulgaris, Spach. Tree, to 50 ft.: lvs. usually densely pubescent beneath: cones 1 in. long. Eu., Asia.
 
Var. pinnatifida, Spach (var. laciniata, Hort.). Lvs. pinnately lobed or cleft, with dentate lobes.
 
==Gallery==
{{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery  -->
 
<gallery>
Image:Upload.png| photo 1
Image:Upload.png| photo 2
Image:Upload.png| photo 3
</gallery>


==References==
==References==
*[http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/cgi-bin/nph-readbtree.pl/feout?FAMILY_XREF=&GENUS_XREF=Alnus&SPECIES_XREF=incana&TAXON_NAME_XREF=&RANK= Flora Europaea: ''Alnus incana'']
*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
*[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=233500033 Flora of North America: ''Alnus incana'']
<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
 
==External links==
*{{wplink}}
 
{{stub}}
[[Category:Categorize]]


[[Category:Betulaceae]]
<!--  in order to add all the proper categories, go to http://www.plants.am/wiki/Plant_Categories and copy/paste the contents of the page here, and then follow the easy instructions!    -->
[[Category:Flora of Estonia]]
[[Category:Trees of Canada|Alder, Grey]]
[[Category:Trees of Western United States|Alder, Grey]]

Latest revision as of 23:01, 22 September 2013

 Alnus incana subsp. var.  Gray alder
Speckled Alder Alnus incana subsp. rugosa
The query description has an empty condition.: tree
Height: ⇕ to
Width: ⇔ to
70ft 30ft
Height: ⇕ The wikipage input value is empty (e.g. <code>SomeProperty::, [[]]</code>) and therefore it cannot be used as a name or as part of a query condition. to 70 ft
Width: ⇔ The wikipage input value is empty (e.g. <code>SomeProperty::, [[]]</code>) and therefore it cannot be used as a name or as part of a query condition. to 30 ft
The query description has an empty condition.: ⌛ perennial
Origin: ✈
Poisonous: ☠
Bloom: ❀
The query description has an empty condition.: ☼ sun
The query description has an empty condition.: ◍
Features: ✓ fire resistant
Hidden fields, interally pass variables to right place
Minimum Temp: ☃ °F
USDA Zones: 3 to 9
Sunset Zones:
Flower features: ❀
Betulaceae > Alnus incana var. ,





Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture

Alnus incana, Willd. Shrub or tree, to 60 ft. : branches pubescent: lvs. oval or oblong-ovate, acute, 1 1/4-4 in. long, doubly serrate, pubescent or nearly glabrous beneath: cones 4-8; mostly sessile, 1/2 in. long. Northern hemisphere, in different varieties. CH


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Cultivation

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Propagation

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Pests and diseases

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Species

There are four to six subspecies, some treated as separate species by some authorswp:

  • Alnus incana subsp. incana (Grey Alder). Northern Europe and northwestern Asia, and central and southern Europe in mountains, mainly in the regions of the Alps, Carpathians and the Caucasus.
  • Alnus incana subsp. hirsuta (A. hirsuta; Manchurian Alder). Northeastern Asia, and central Asia in mountains.
  • Alnus incana subsp. kolaensis. Subarctic northeast Europe.
  • Alnus incana subsp. oblongifolia (A. oblongifolia; Arizona Alder). Southwestern North America.
  • Alnus incana subsp. rugosa (A. rugosa; Speckled Alder). Northeastern North America.
  • Alnus incana subsp. tenuifolia (A. tenuifolia; Thinleaf Alder or Mountain Alder). Northwestern North America.

From SCHCH: Var. glauca, Ait. (A. glauca, Michx.). Shrub, to 12 ft.: lvs. often nearly glabrous beneath. N. Amer., Eu. Em. 251.

Var. vulgaris, Spach. Tree, to 50 ft.: lvs. usually densely pubescent beneath: cones 1 in. long. Eu., Asia.

Var. pinnatifida, Spach (var. laciniata, Hort.). Lvs. pinnately lobed or cleft, with dentate lobes.

Gallery

If you have a photo of this plant, please upload it! Plus, there may be other photos available for you to add.

  • photo 1
    photo 1
  • photo 2
    photo 2
  • photo 3
    photo 3

References

External links


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