Salix exigua: Difference between revisions

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{{Taxobox
{{SPlantbox
| color = lightgreen
|familia=Salicaceae
| name = ''Salix exigua''
|genus=Salix
| image = Salix exigua staminate catkin 2003-06-04.jpg
|species=exigua
| image_width = 270px
|taxo_author=Nutt.
| image_caption = staminate flower
|common_name=Coyote willow
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
|habit=shrub
| classis = [[Dicotyledon|Magnoliopsida]]
|habit_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
| ordo = [[Malpighiales]]
|Max ht box=12
| familia = [[Salicaceae]]
|Max ht metric=ft
| genus = ''[[Willow|Salix]]''
|height_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
| species = '''''S. exigua'''''
|Max wd box=10
| binomial = ''Salix exigua''
|Max wd metric=ft
| binomial_authority = [[Thomas Nuttall|Nutt.]]
|width_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
| synonyms = ''Salix argophylla''<br>''Salix hindsiana''<br>''Salix linearifolia''<br>''Salix luteosericea''<br>''Salix malacophylla''<br>''Salix nevadensis''<br>''Salix parishiana''
|lifespan=perennial
|life_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
|exposure=sun
|sun_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
|Temp Metric=°F
|min_zone=2
|usda_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
|max_zone=9
|image=Salix exigua 9.jpg
|image_width=200
}}
}}
'''''Salix exigua''''' is a species of [[willow]] known by the common names '''sandbar willow''', '''narrowleaf willow''', and '''coyote willow'''. It is native to western North America from Alaska and British Columbia south to Mexico. This is a tall shrub reaching 6 to 7 meters in maximum height. The green, silky leaves are long and narrow and have widely spaced small teeth. The shrub produces both [[Stamen|staminate]] and [[Pistil|pistillate]] flowers, the latter of which produces sheafs of shiny white silk. This plant is considered a threatened species in some states in the Eastern US.
'''''Salix exigua''''' ('''Sandbar Willow''', '''Narrowleaf Willow''', or '''Coyote Willow'''; syn. ''S. argophylla, S. hindsiana, S. interior, S. linearifolia, S. luteosericea, S. malacophylla, S. nevadensis, S. parishiana'') is a species of [[willow]] native to most of [[North America]] except for the southeast and far north, occurring from [[Alaska]] east to [[New Brunswick]], and south to northern [[Mexico]].<ref name=grin>Germplasm Resources Information Network: [http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?313877 ''Salix exigua'']</ref>


This willow had many uses for Native Americans; the branches were used as flexible poles and building materials, the smaller twigs were used to make baskets, the bark was made into cord and string, and the bark and leaves had several medicinal uses.
It is a [[deciduous]] [[shrub]] reaching {{convert|4|–|7|m|ft|abbr=on}} in height, spreading by [[basal shoot]]s to form dense [[clonal colony|clonal colonies]]. The [[leaf|leaves]] are [[Leaf shape|narrow lanceolate]], {{convert|4|–|12|cm|in|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|2|–|10|mm|in|abbr=on}} broad, green, to grayish with silky white hairs at least when young; the margin is entire or with a few irregular, widely spaced small teeth. The [[flower]]s are produced in [[catkin]]s in late spring, after the leaves appear. It is [[plant sexuality|dioecious]], with [[stamen|staminate]] and [[pistil]]late catkins on separate plants, the male catkins up to {{convert|10|cm|in|abbr=on}} long, the female catkins up to {{convert|8|cm|in|abbr=on}} long. The [[fruit]] is a cluster of [[capsule (fruit)|capsules]], each containing numerous minute [[seed]]s embedded in shiny white silk.<ref name=npwrc>Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: [http://www.npwrc.usgs.gov/resource/plants/vascplnt/species/sexi.htm ''Salix exigua'']</ref><ref name=jeps>Jepson Flora: [http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?Salix+exigua ''Salix exigua'']</ref>
 
==Cultivation==
 
 
===Propagation===
 
 
===Pests and diseases===
 
 
==Varieties==
There are two [[subspecies]], which meet in the western [[Great Plains]]:<ref name=grin/><ref name=npwrc/>
*''Salix exigua'' subsp. ''exigua''. Western North America. Leaves grayish all summer with persistent silky hairs; seed capsules {{convert|3|–|6|mm|in|abbr=on}} long.
*''Salix exigua'' subsp. ''interior'' <small>(Rowlee) Cronq.</small> (syn. ''S. interior'' Rowlee). Eastern and central North America. Leaves usually lose hairs and become green by summer, only rarely remaining pubescent; seed capsules {{convert|5|–|8|mm|in|abbr=on}} long.
 
==Gallery==
 
<gallery perrow=5>
File:Salix exigua 10.jpg
File:Salix exigua 8.jpg
Image:Upload.png| photo 1
Image:Upload.png| photo 2
Image:Upload.png| photo 3
</gallery>
 
==References==
<references/>
*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->


==External links==
==External links==
*[http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?7038,7045,7056 Jepson Manual Treatment]
*{{wplink}}
*[http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=SAEX USDA Plants Profile]
 
*[http://herb.umd.umich.edu/herb/search.pl?searchstring=Salix+exigua Ethnobotany]
{{stub}}
*[http://calphotos.berkeley.edu/cgi/img_query?query_src=photos_index&where-taxon=Salix+exigua Photo gallery]
__NOTOC__
*{{ITIS|ID=22529}}
{{Malpighiales-stub}}
[[Category:Salicaceae]]

Latest revision as of 17:33, 7 May 2010

 Salix exigua subsp. var.  Coyote willow
The query description has an empty condition.: shrub
Height: ⇕ to
Width: ⇔ to
12ft 10ft
Height: ⇕ The wikipage input value is empty (e.g. <code>SomeProperty::, [[]]</code>) and therefore it cannot be used as a name or as part of a query condition. to 12 ft
Width: ⇔ The wikipage input value is empty (e.g. <code>SomeProperty::, [[]]</code>) and therefore it cannot be used as a name or as part of a query condition. to 10 ft
The query description has an empty condition.: ⌛ perennial
Origin: ✈
Poisonous: ☠
Bloom: ❀
The query description has an empty condition.: ☼ sun
The query description has an empty condition.: ◍
Features: ✓
Hidden fields, interally pass variables to right place
Minimum Temp: ☃ °F
USDA Zones: 2 to 9
Sunset Zones:
Flower features: ❀
Salicaceae > Salix exigua var. , Nutt.



Salix exigua (Sandbar Willow, Narrowleaf Willow, or Coyote Willow; syn. S. argophylla, S. hindsiana, S. interior, S. linearifolia, S. luteosericea, S. malacophylla, S. nevadensis, S. parishiana) is a species of willow native to most of North America except for the southeast and far north, occurring from Alaska east to New Brunswick, and south to northern Mexico.[1]

It is a deciduous shrub reaching 4 – 7 m in height, spreading by basal shoots to form dense clonal colonies. The leaves are narrow lanceolate, 4 – 12 cm long and 2 – 10 mm broad, green, to grayish with silky white hairs at least when young; the margin is entire or with a few irregular, widely spaced small teeth. The flowers are produced in catkins in late spring, after the leaves appear. It is dioecious, with staminate and pistillate catkins on separate plants, the male catkins up to 10 cm in long, the female catkins up to 8 cm in long. The fruit is a cluster of capsules, each containing numerous minute seeds embedded in shiny white silk.[2][3]

Cultivation

Propagation

Pests and diseases

Varieties

There are two subspecies, which meet in the western Great Plains:[1][2]

  • Salix exigua subsp. exigua. Western North America. Leaves grayish all summer with persistent silky hairs; seed capsules 3 – 6 mm long.
  • Salix exigua subsp. interior (Rowlee) Cronq. (syn. S. interior Rowlee). Eastern and central North America. Leaves usually lose hairs and become green by summer, only rarely remaining pubescent; seed capsules 5 – 8 mm long.

Gallery

  • photo 1
    photo 1
  • photo 2
    photo 2
  • photo 3
    photo 3

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Germplasm Resources Information Network: Salix exigua
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Salix exigua
  3. ↑ Jepson Flora: Salix exigua

External links


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