Solanum mauritianum: Difference between revisions

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{{SPlantbox
{{SPlantbox
|familia=Solanaceae
|familia=Solanaceae
|genus=Solanum  
|genus=Solanum
|species=mauritianum  
|species=mauritianum
|common_name=Tree tobacco, Wild tobacco
|common_name=Tree tobacco, Wild tobacco
|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
Line 17: Line 17:
|Max wd metric=ft
|Max wd metric=ft
|width_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
|width_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
|poisonous=All parts
|lifespan=perennial
|lifespan=perennial
|life_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
|life_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|usda_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
|usda_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
|max_zone=12
|max_zone=12
|image=Upload.png
|image=Solanum mauritianum.jpg
|image_width=240
|image_width=240
}}
}}
{{Taxobox
'''''Solanum mauritianum''''' is a small [[tree]] or [[shrub]] native to [[South America]], including Northern [[Argentina]], Southern [[Brazil]], [[Paraguay]] and [[Uruguay]].<ref name=Olckersa>Olckersa, T., Zimmermann, H.G., "Biological control of silverleaf nightshade, Solanum elaegnifolium, and bugweed, Solanum mauritianum, (Solanaceae) in South Africa", ''[[Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment]]'',
| color = lightgreen
Vol. 37, Issues 1-3, October 1991, Pages 137-155[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6T3Y-48XKS8M-H9&_user=10&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_searchStrId=994810849&_rerunOrigin=google&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=61f7f8a61437859ad366194b754b58b3]</ref> It has become a widespread invasive [[weed]] in many countries.<ref name=Database>''Solanum Mauritianum'' Weed Profile, Global Invasive Species Database[http://www.issg.org/database/species/ecology.asp?si=209&fr=1&sts=&lang=EN]</ref> Its common names include '''Woolly Nightshade''', '''Ear-leaved Nightshade''' (or "earleaf nightshade"), '''Flannel Weed''', '''Bugweed''', '''Tobacco Weed''', '''Tobacco Bush''', '''Wild Tobacco''' and '''Kerosene Plant'''.
| name = ''Solanum mauritianum''
 
| image = Woollynightshade.jpg
The plant has a life of up to thirty years, and can grow up to {{convert|10|m|ft|abbr=on}} tall.  Its large oval leaves are grey-green in color and covered with felt-like hairs. The flower is purple with a yellow center. The plant can [[flower]] year round but fruiting occurs in late spring to early summer. It is tolerant of many [[soil]] types and quickly becomes established around [[plantation]]s, forest margins, scrub and open land.
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
 
| divisio = [[flowering plants|Tracheobionta]]
==Cultivation==
| classis = [[dicotyledon|Magnoliopsida]]
 
| subclassis = [[Asteridae]]
 
| ordo = [[Solanales]]
===Propagation===
| familia = [[Solanaceae]]
 
| genus = ''[[Solanum]]''
| species = '''''S. mauritianum'''''
| binomial = ''Solanum mauritianum''
}}


'''''Solanum mauritianum''''' is a small [[tree]] or [[shrub]] native to [[South America]] and an [[invasive weed]] in some other places, whose common names include '''woolly nightshade''', '''earleaf nightshade''', '''flannel weed''', '''bugweed''', '''tobacco weed''', and '''kerosene plant'''.
===Pests and diseases===


The plant has a life of up to thirty years, and can grow up to 10 m tall.  Its large oval leaves are grey-green in color and covered with felt-like hairs. The flower is purple with a yellow center. The plant can [[flower]] year round but fruiting occurs in late spring to early summer. It is tolerant of many [[soil]] types and quickly becomes established around plantations, forest margins, scrub and open land.


In its native habitat, this is a favoured food plant of the [[African Olive Pigeon]],''Columba arquatrix''.
==Varieties==


Woolly nightshade has become highly invasive in [[New Zealand]].  It arrived there by [[1880]], and is now well established from [[Taupo]] northward. Woolly nightshade is poisonous and handling the plants can cause irritation and [[nausea]]. The dust from the plant can cause respiratory problems if exposure is prolonged. Because of its ability to affect human health and because of its aggressive and fast growing character it is illegal in some areas of New Zealand to sell, propagate, or distribute any part of the plant.


This plant has also become an invasive weed in [[Australia]], particularly on the east coast, and is known colloquially as wild tobacco, although Australia possesses many plants of the [[Nicotiana]] genus which are more correctly known as wild tobaccos.
==Gallery==
<gallery perrow=5>
File:Solanum mauritianum, flowers, fruits.jpg| photo 1
File:Solanum mauritianum (Flower).jpg| photo 2
Image:Upload.png| photo 3
</gallery>


The main toxic compound in ''S. mauritianum'' is the [[steroid]] [[alkaloid]] [[solasodine]].
==References==
<references/>
<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->


== References ==
==External links==
* Gibbs, Barnes and Cox, ''Pigeons and Doves'' (Pica Press 2001) ISBN 1-873403-60-7
*{{wplink}}


[[Category:Solanum]]
{{stub}}
__NOTOC__

Revision as of 16:12, 2 June 2010

 Solanum mauritianum subsp. var.  Tree tobacco, Wild tobacco
The query description has an empty condition.: shrub
Height: ⇕ to
Width: ⇔ to
6ft10ft 6ft10ft
Height: ⇕ 6 ft to 10 ft
Width: ⇔ 6 ft to 10 ft
The query description has an empty condition.: ⌛ perennial
Origin: ✈
Poisonous: ☠ All parts
Bloom: ❀
The query description has an empty condition.: ☼ sun
The query description has an empty condition.: ◍
Features: ✓
Hidden fields, interally pass variables to right place
Minimum Temp: ☃ °F
USDA Zones: 10 to 12
Sunset Zones:
Flower features: ❀ blue, purple
Solanaceae > Solanum mauritianum var. ,



Solanum mauritianum is a small tree or shrub native to South America, including Northern Argentina, Southern Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.[1] It has become a widespread invasive weed in many countries.[2] Its common names include Woolly Nightshade, Ear-leaved Nightshade (or "earleaf nightshade"), Flannel Weed, Bugweed, Tobacco Weed, Tobacco Bush, Wild Tobacco and Kerosene Plant.

The plant has a life of up to thirty years, and can grow up to 10 m ft tall. Its large oval leaves are grey-green in color and covered with felt-like hairs. The flower is purple with a yellow center. The plant can flower year round but fruiting occurs in late spring to early summer. It is tolerant of many soil types and quickly becomes established around plantations, forest margins, scrub and open land.

Cultivation

Propagation

Pests and diseases

Varieties

Gallery

  • photo 1
    photo 1
  • photo 2
    photo 2
  • photo 3
    photo 3

References

  1. ↑ Olckersa, T., Zimmermann, H.G., "Biological control of silverleaf nightshade, Solanum elaegnifolium, and bugweed, Solanum mauritianum, (Solanaceae) in South Africa", Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, Vol. 37, Issues 1-3, October 1991, Pages 137-155[1]
  2. ↑ Solanum Mauritianum Weed Profile, Global Invasive Species Database[2]

External links


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