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__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
| name = ''Sparaxis''
| common_names = Harlequin Flower, Wandflower
| growth_habit = ?  <!--- tree, shrub, herbaceous, vine, etc -->
| high = ?  <!--- 1m (3 ft) -->
| wide =    <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->
| origin = ?  <!--- Mexico, S America, S Europe, garden, etc -->
| poisonous =    <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous -->
| lifespan =    <!--- perennial, annual, etc -->
| exposure = ?  <!--- full sun, part-sun, semi-shade, shade, indoors, bright filtered (you may list more than 1) -->
| water = ?  <!--- frequent, regular, moderate, drought tolerant, let dry then soak -->
| features =    <!--- flowers, fragrance, fruit, naturalizes, invasive -->
| hardiness =    <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5°C (40°F), etc -->
| bloom =    <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->
| usda_zones = ?  <!--- eg. 8-11 -->
| sunset_zones =    <!--- eg. 8, 9, 12-24, not available -->
| color = IndianRed
| image = Sparaxis-IMG 8734.jpg
| image_width = 240px    <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
| image_caption = Wandflower, ''[[Sparaxis tricolor]]''
| regnum = Plantae
| divisio = Magnoliophyta
| classis = Liliopsida
| ordo = Asparagales
| familia = Iridaceae
| genus = Sparaxis
}}
{{Inc|
{{Inc|
Sparaxis (Greek word referring to the torn or lacerated spathes, a character which distinguishes this genus from Tritonia). Iridaceae. Wand-flower. Bulbs or corms with fibrous coating, the plants suitable for outdoor planting but grown mostly under glass.  
Sparaxis (Greek word referring to the torn or lacerated spathes, a character which distinguishes this genus from Tritonia). Iridaceae. Wand-flower. Bulbs or corms with fibrous coating, the plants suitable for outdoor planting but grown mostly under glass.  
Stems simple or slightly branched: lvs. few, flat, sword-like or broadly linear, erect or falcate: spathes few, remote or sometimes solitary, broad-striate or frequently marked with short brown lines: fls. 1 to a spathe, sessile, rather large, yellow; perianth-tube short and slender, 6-lobed; ovary 3-celled: caps. membranaceous, ovoid or oblong, included in the spathe.—About 3 species, Cape Colony, S. Afr. Sparaxis is a group of spring-blooming Cape bulbs of the Ixia tribe, with spikes of 6-petaled, more or less funnel-shaped fls. 1-2 in. across and exhibiting an extraordinary range of color and throat - markings. These plants are less popular than ixias, which they much resemble. The plants are dwarfer and more compact than ixias, usually 6-12 in. high, the spikes are shorter and fewer-fld., and the blossoms are sometimes larger. Sparaxis is essentially distinguished from Ixia and other allied genera by the subregular perianth, unilateral and arcuate stamens, and scarious lacerated spathe-valves.
Stems simple or slightly branched: lvs. few, flat, sword-like or broadly linear, erect or falcate: spathes few, remote or sometimes solitary, broad-striate or frequently marked with short brown lines: fls. 1 to a spathe, sessile, rather large, yellow; perianth-tube short and slender, 6-lobed; ovary 3-celled: caps. membranaceous, ovoid or oblong, included in the spathe.—About 3 species, Cape Colony, S. Afr. Sparaxis is a group of spring-blooming Cape bulbs of the Ixia tribe, with spikes of 6-petaled, more or less funnel-shaped fls. 1-2 in. across and exhibiting an extraordinary range of color and throat - markings. These plants are less popular than ixias, which they much resemble. The plants are dwarfer and more compact than ixias, usually 6-12 in. high, the spikes are shorter and fewer-fld., and the blossoms are sometimes larger. Sparaxis is essentially distinguished from Ixia and other allied genera by the subregular perianth, unilateral and arcuate stamens, and scarious lacerated spathe-valves.


Although a few plants of sparaxis are occasionally cultivated in America by bulb-fanciers, one may search through many American catalogues without finding them listed. The Dutch bulb-growers offer twenty-five distinct kinds, which is perhaps a quarter of the number of varieties of ixias in cultivation. According to J. G. Baker, there is "only one species in a broad sense, varying indefinitely in the size and coloring of the flowers." For practical purposes Baker recognizes the three species given below; of these the most important and variable is S. tricolor. Sparaxis pulcherrima of the Dutch trade is properly Dierama pulcherrima, Baker. This grows as much as 6 feet high and has pendulous bright blood-purple flowers but apparently with pale rose and perhaps other varieties (also a white variety). It is distinguished by its pendulous flowers with regular perianth, simple style-branches, equilateral stamens, and large bracts which are not laciniate. B.M. 5555. F.S. 17:1810. Gn. 20:588; 44, p. 281. G. 16:386; 29:197. G.L. 27:152. This plant is said by F. W. Burbidge to be "perhaps the most graceful of all the Cape irids." (See Vol. II, page 1007.)
Although a few plants of sparaxis are occasionally cultivated in America by bulb-fanciers, one may search through many American catalogues without finding them listed. The Dutch bulb-growers offer twenty-five distinct kinds, which is perhaps a quarter of the number of varieties of ixias in cultivation. According to J. G. Baker, there is "only one species in a broad sense, varying indefinitely in the size and coloring of the flowers." For practical purposes Baker recognizes the three species given below; of these the most important and variable is S. tricolor. Sparaxis pulcherrima of the Dutch trade is properly Dierama pulcherrima, Baker. This grows as much as 6 feet high and has pendulous bright blood-purple flowers but apparently with pale rose and perhaps other varieties (also a white variety). It is distinguished by its pendulous flowers with regular perianth, simple style-branches, equilateral stamens, and large bracts which are not laciniate.
{{SCH}}
}}
}}


{{Taxobox
==Cultivation==
| name = ''Sparaxis''
{{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
| image = Sparaxis-IMG 8734.jpg
 
| image_width = 250px
===Propagation===
| image_caption = Wandflower, ''[[Sparaxis tricolor]]''
{{edit-prop}}<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
 
| divisio = [[flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
===Pests and diseases===
| classis = [[monocotyledon|Liliopsida]]
{{edit-pests}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
| ordo = [[Asparagales]]
 
| familia = [[Iridaceae]]
==Species==
| genus = '''''Sparaxis'''''
about 13 species{{wp}}
| genus_authority = [[John Bellenden Ker Gawler|Ker Gawl.]]
*''[[Sparaxis bulbifera]]'' is the commonest in cultivation, with flowers from cream to yellow or purple. {{wp}}
| subdivision_ranks = Species
*''[[Sparaxis grandiflora]]'' is a similar to S. bulbifera but larger plant. {{wp}}
| subdivision =
*''[[Sparaxis tricolor]]'' has bright red flowers with yellow and black centres. {{wp}}
See text.
}}


[[Image:Sparaxis-IMG 8733.jpg|thumb|300px|Sparaxis plants]]
Many named hybrid [[cultivar]]s were bred from ''S. bulbifera'' and ''S. tricolor''. {{wp}}
[[Image:Sparaxis-IMG 8847.jpg|thumb|300px|Sparaxis plants]]


'''''Sparaxis''''' (Harlequin Flower) is a genus in the family [[Iridaceae]] with about 13 species endemic to [[Cape Province]], [[South Africa]].
A group of species with asymmetrical flowers marked in mauve and yellow, including ''[[Sparaxis variegata]]'' and ''[[Sparaxis villosa]]'', was formerly treated as the genus ''Synnotia''.{{wp}}


All are perennials that grow during the wet winter season, flower in spring and survive underground as dormant [[corm]]s over summer. Their conspicuous flowers have six [[tepal]]s, which in most species are equal in size and shape.
==Gallery==
{{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery -->


''[[Sparaxis bulbifera]]'' is the commonest in cultivation, with flowers from cream to yellow or purple. ''S. grandiflora'' is a similar but larger plant. ''[[Sparaxis tricolor]]'' has bright red flowers with yellow and black centres. Many named hybrid [[cultivar]]s were bred from ''S. bulbifera'' and ''S. tricolor''. 
<gallery>
Image:Upload.png| photo 1
Image:Upload.png| photo 2
Image:Sparaxis-IMG 8733.jpg|Sparaxis plants
Image:Sparaxis-IMG 8847.jpg|Sparaxis plants
</gallery>


A group of species with asymmetrical flowers marked in mauve and yellow, including ''[[Sparaxis variegata]]'' and ''[[Sparaxis villosa]]'', was formerly treated as the genus ''Synnotia''.
==References==
*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->


==External links==
*{{wplink}}


== References ==
{{stub}}
[[Category:Categorize]]


Goldblatt, P. (1999) ''Sparaxis''. Flora of Southern Africa 7: 151-169.
<!--  in order to add all the proper categories, go to http://www.plants.am/wiki/Plant_Categories and copy/paste the contents of the page here, and then follow the easy instructions!    -->

Revision as of 17:46, 17 July 2009

Sparaxis
{{{latin_name}}}
 Harlequin Flower, Wandflower
Wandflower, Sparaxis tricolor
Habit: ?
Height: ⇕ ?
Width: ⇔
Lifespan: ⌛
Origin: ✈ ?
Poisonous: ☠
Exposure: ☼ ?
Water: ◍ ?
Features: ✓
Hardiness: ☃
Bloom: ❀
USDA Zones: ?
Sunset Zones:
[[{{{domain}}}]] > [[{{{superregnum}}}]] > Plantae > [[{{{subregnum}}}]] > [[{{{superdivisio}}}]] > [[{{{superphylum}}}]] > Magnoliophyta > [[{{{phylum}}}]] > [[{{{subdivisio}}}]] > [[{{{subphylum}}}]] > [[{{{infraphylum}}}]] > [[{{{microphylum}}}]] > [[{{{nanophylum}}}]] > [[{{{superclassis}}}]] > Liliopsida > [[{{{subclassis}}}]] > [[{{{infraclassis}}}]] > [[{{{superordo}}}]] > Asparagales > [[{{{subordo}}}]] > [[{{{infraordo}}}]] > [[{{{superfamilia}}}]] > Iridaceae > [[{{{subfamilia}}}]] > [[{{{supertribus}}}]] > [[{{{tribus}}}]] > [[{{{subtribus}}}]] > Sparaxis {{{subgenus}}} {{{sectio}}} {{{series}}} {{{species}}} {{{subspecies}}} var. {{{cultivar}}}




Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture

Sparaxis (Greek word referring to the torn or lacerated spathes, a character which distinguishes this genus from Tritonia). Iridaceae. Wand-flower. Bulbs or corms with fibrous coating, the plants suitable for outdoor planting but grown mostly under glass. Stems simple or slightly branched: lvs. few, flat, sword-like or broadly linear, erect or falcate: spathes few, remote or sometimes solitary, broad-striate or frequently marked with short brown lines: fls. 1 to a spathe, sessile, rather large, yellow; perianth-tube short and slender, 6-lobed; ovary 3-celled: caps. membranaceous, ovoid or oblong, included in the spathe.—About 3 species, Cape Colony, S. Afr. Sparaxis is a group of spring-blooming Cape bulbs of the Ixia tribe, with spikes of 6-petaled, more or less funnel-shaped fls. 1-2 in. across and exhibiting an extraordinary range of color and throat - markings. These plants are less popular than ixias, which they much resemble. The plants are dwarfer and more compact than ixias, usually 6-12 in. high, the spikes are shorter and fewer-fld., and the blossoms are sometimes larger. Sparaxis is essentially distinguished from Ixia and other allied genera by the subregular perianth, unilateral and arcuate stamens, and scarious lacerated spathe-valves.

Although a few plants of sparaxis are occasionally cultivated in America by bulb-fanciers, one may search through many American catalogues without finding them listed. The Dutch bulb-growers offer twenty-five distinct kinds, which is perhaps a quarter of the number of varieties of ixias in cultivation. According to J. G. Baker, there is "only one species in a broad sense, varying indefinitely in the size and coloring of the flowers." For practical purposes Baker recognizes the three species given below; of these the most important and variable is S. tricolor. Sparaxis pulcherrima of the Dutch trade is properly Dierama pulcherrima, Baker. This grows as much as 6 feet high and has pendulous bright blood-purple flowers but apparently with pale rose and perhaps other varieties (also a white variety). It is distinguished by its pendulous flowers with regular perianth, simple style-branches, equilateral stamens, and large bracts which are not laciniate. CH


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Cultivation

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Propagation

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Pests and diseases

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Species

about 13 specieswp

Many named hybrid cultivars were bred from S. bulbifera and S. tricolor. wp

A group of species with asymmetrical flowers marked in mauve and yellow, including Sparaxis variegata and Sparaxis villosa, was formerly treated as the genus Synnotia.wp

Gallery

If you have a photo of this plant, please upload it! Plus, there may be other photos available for you to add.

  • photo 1
    photo 1
  • photo 2
    photo 2
  • Sparaxis plants
    Sparaxis plants
  • Sparaxis plants
    Sparaxis plants

References

External links


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