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{{Taxobox
__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
| color = lightgreen
| name = ''Ficus religiosa''
| name = Sacred Fig
| common_names = Sacred Fig
| growth_habit = tree
| high = ?  <!--- 1m (3 ft) -->
| wide =    <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->
| origin = ?  <!--- Mexico, S America, S Europe, garden, etc -->
| poisonous =    <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous -->
| lifespan =    <!--- perennial, annual, etc -->
| exposure = ?  <!--- full sun, part-sun, semi-shade, shade, indoors, bright filtered (you may list more than 1) -->
| water = ?  <!--- frequent, regular, moderate, drought tolerant, let dry then soak -->
| features =    <!--- flowers, fragrance, fruit, naturalizes, invasive -->
| hardiness =    <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5°C (40°F), etc -->
| bloom =    <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->
| usda_zones = ?  <!--- eg. 8-11 -->
| sunset_zones =    <!--- eg. 8, 9, 12-24, not available -->
| color = IndianRed
| image = Bo_Tree.jpg
| image = Bo_Tree.jpg
| image_width = 240px
| image_width = 240px   <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
| image_caption = Leaves and trunk of a Sacred Fig. <br/>Note the distinctive leaf shape.
| image_caption = Leaves and trunk of a Sacred Fig. Note the distinctive leaf shape.
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| regnum = Plantae
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
| divisio = Magnoliophyta
| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
| classis = Magnoliopsida
| ordo = [[Rosales]]
| ordo = Rosales
| familia = [[Moraceae]]
| familia = Moraceae
| genus = ''[[Ficus]]''
| genus = Ficus
| species = '''''F. religiosa'''''
| species = religiosa
| binomial = ''Ficus religiosa''
}}
| binomial_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
{{Inc|
}}  
Ficus religiosa, Linn. P.......... of the Hindoos. Lvs. ovate-rotund, at tip,........into a long linear-lanceolate tail-like ...........petiole 3-4 in. long; stipules minute: fr......pairs, sessile, dark purple, ½in. thick. In.....p.435.K.67a.Grows 100 ft. high, and........suspended on their long, flexible petioles,......the slightest breeze. "Quite hardy in S. .....attaining very large size."—Franceschi.
{{SCH}}
}}


{{Inc|<br>Ficus religiosa, Linn. P.......... of the Hindoos. Lvs. ovate-rotund, at tip,........into a long linear-lanceolate tail-like ...........petiole 3-4 in. long; stipules minute: fr......pairs, sessile, dark purple, ½in. thick. In.....p.435.K.67a.Grows 100 ft. high, and........suspended on their long, flexible petioles,......the slightest breeze. "Quite hardy in S. .....attaining very large size."—Franceschi.
==Cultivation==
{{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->


}}<br>  
===Propagation===
{{edit-prop}}<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->


The '''Sacred Fig''' ''Ficus religiosa'', also known as '''Bo''' (from the [[Sinhalese]] Bo), '''Peepal''' (Pipal, Peepul) or '''Ashwattha''' tree, is a species of [[Banyan]] [[Fig]] native to [[Nepal]] and [[India]], southwest [[China]] and [[Indochina]] east to [[Vietnam]]. It is a large [[Dry season]]-[[Deciduous]] or semi-[[Evergreen]] [[Tree]] up to 30m tall and with a [[Tree trunk|trunk]] diameter of up to 3m.
===Pests and diseases===
{{edit-pests}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line -->


[[Image:Mahabodhitree.jpg|thumb|left]] The [[Leaf|leaves]] are [[wiktionary:Cordate|cordate]] in shape with a distinctive extended tip; they are 10-17cm long and 8-12cm broad, with a 6-10cm petiole. The [[Fruit]] is a small fig 1-1.5cm diameter, green ripening purple.
==Species==
<!-- This section should be renamed Cultivars if it appears on a page for a species (rather than genus), or perhaps Varieties if there is a mix of cultivars, species, hybrids, etc    -->


The [[Bodhi tree]] and the [[Sri Maha Bodhi]] propagated from it are famous specimens of Sacred Fig. The known planting date of the latter, [[288 BC]], gives it the oldest verified age for any [[Flowering plant|angiosperm]] plant.
==Gallery==
{{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery  -->


This plant is considered sacred by the followers of [[Hinduism]], [[Jainism]] and [[Buddhism]], and hence the name 'Sacred Fig' was given to it. [[Siddhartha Gautama]] is referred to have been sitting underneath a Bo Tree when he was [[Bodhi|enlightened]] (Bodhi), or "awakened" (Buddha). Today [[Sadhu]]s still meditate below this tree. <br>  
<gallery>
Image:Upload.png| photo 1
Image:Upload.png| photo 2
Image:Upload.png| photo 3
[[Image:Pipal.jpg|thumb|right]]
[[Image:Mahabodhitree.jpg|thumb|left]]
</gallery>


[[Image:Pipal.jpg|thumb|right]]
==References==
*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->


== Plaksa  ==
==External links==
*{{wplink}}


Plaksa is a Sanskrit term for the Sacred fig. According to Macdonell and Keith (1912), it denotes the waved leaf fig-tree (''Ficus infectoria'').
{{stub}}
[[Category:Categorize]]


In Hindu texts, the Plaksa tree is associated with the source of the [[Sarasvati River]]. The [[Skanda Purana]] states that the Sarasvati originates from the water pot of [[Brahma]] and flows from [[Plaksa]] on the Himalayas. According to Vamana Purana 32.1-4, the Sarasvati was rising from the [[Plaksa tree]] (Pipal tree).<ref>D.S. Chauhan in Radhakrishna, B.P. and Merh, S.S. (editors): Vedic Sarasvati, 1999, p.35-44 </ref>
<!-- in order to add all the proper categories, go to http://www.plants.am/wiki/Plant_Categories and copy/paste the contents of the page here, and then follow the easy instructions!    -->
 
Plaksa Pra-sravana denotes the place where the Sarasvati appears.<ref>Pancavimsa Brahmana, Jaiminiya Upanisad Brahmana, Katyayana Srauta Sutra, Latyayana Srauta; Macdonell and Keith 1912</ref> In the Rigveda Sutras, Plaksa Pra-sravana refers to the source of the Sarasvati.<ref>Asvalayana Srauta Sutra, Sankhayana Srauta Sutra; Macdonell and Keith 1912, II:55</ref>
 
== Notes  ==
 
<references />
 
== See also  ==
 
*[[Sri Maha Bodhi]]
*[[Sitala]]
 
== References  ==
 
*Keith and Macdonell. 1912. Vedic Index of Names and Subjects.
*[http://iu.ff.cuni.cz/pandanus/database/details.php?plantno=400094&enc=utf&sort=ka&display=50&reswind=this&lat=&skt=on&pkt=&tam=&start=0 plaksa description]
 
== External links  ==
 
{{commons|Ficus religiosa}}
 
*[http://iu.ff.cuni.cz/pandanus/database/details.php?plantno=800009&enc=utf&sort=ka&display=50&reswind=this&lat=&skt=on&pkt=&tam=&start=0 sacred fig description]
*{{ppn|b/bodhirukka.htm|Bodhi Tree}}
 
[[Category:Ficus|Fig, Sacred]] [[Category:Flora_of_Asia]] [[Category:Flora_of_China]] [[Category:Flora_of_India]] [[Category:Flora_of_Pakistan]] [[Category:Medicinal_plants]]

Revision as of 17:01, 11 August 2009

Ficus religiosa
{{{latin_name}}}
 Sacred Fig
Leaves and trunk of a Sacred Fig. Note the distinctive leaf shape.
Habit: tree
Height: ⇕ ?
Width: ⇔
Lifespan: ⌛
Origin: ✈ ?
Poisonous: ☠
Exposure: ☼ ?
Water: ◍ ?
Features: ✓
Hardiness: ☃
Bloom: ❀
USDA Zones: ?
Sunset Zones:
[[{{{domain}}}]] > [[{{{superregnum}}}]] > Plantae > [[{{{subregnum}}}]] > [[{{{superdivisio}}}]] > [[{{{superphylum}}}]] > Magnoliophyta > [[{{{phylum}}}]] > [[{{{subdivisio}}}]] > [[{{{subphylum}}}]] > [[{{{infraphylum}}}]] > [[{{{microphylum}}}]] > [[{{{nanophylum}}}]] > [[{{{superclassis}}}]] > Magnoliopsida > [[{{{subclassis}}}]] > [[{{{infraclassis}}}]] > [[{{{superordo}}}]] > Rosales > [[{{{subordo}}}]] > [[{{{infraordo}}}]] > [[{{{superfamilia}}}]] > Moraceae > [[{{{subfamilia}}}]] > [[{{{supertribus}}}]] > [[{{{tribus}}}]] > [[{{{subtribus}}}]] > Ficus {{{subgenus}}} {{{sectio}}} {{{series}}} religiosa {{{subspecies}}} var. {{{cultivar}}}




Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture

Ficus religiosa, Linn. P.......... of the Hindoos. Lvs. ovate-rotund, at tip,........into a long linear-lanceolate tail-like ...........petiole 3-4 in. long; stipules minute: fr......pairs, sessile, dark purple, ½in. thick. In.....p.435.K.67a.Grows 100 ft. high, and........suspended on their long, flexible petioles,......the slightest breeze. "Quite hardy in S. .....attaining very large size."—Franceschi. CH


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Cultivation

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Propagation

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Pests and diseases

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Species

Gallery

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  • photo 1
    photo 1
  • photo 2
    photo 2
  • photo 3
    photo 3

References

External links


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