Malosma: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 00:21, 17 December 2009

Malosma subsp. var.

Habit:		shrub
Height:	⇕	to
Width:	⇔	to
	cm
Height:	⇕	cm to The wikipage input value is empty (e.g. <code>SomeProperty::, [[]]</code>) and therefore it cannot be used as a name or as part of a query condition.
Width:	⇔	The wikipage input value is empty (e.g. <code>SomeProperty::, [[]]</code>) and therefore it cannot be used as a name or as part of a query condition. to The wikipage input value is empty (e.g. <code>SomeProperty::, [[]]</code>) and therefore it cannot be used as a name or as part of a query condition.
Lifespan:	⌛	perennial
Origin:	✈
Poisonous:	☠
Bloom:	❀

Exposure:	☼	sun
Water:	◍	moderate, dry
Features:	✓
Hidden fields, interally pass variables to right place
Minimum Temp:	☃	°F
USDA Zones:		to
Sunset Zones:
Flower features:	❀

Anacardiaceae >

Malosma

var.

,

This is the plant information box - for information on light; water; zones; height; etc. If it is mostly empty you can help grow this page by clicking on the edit tab and filling in the blanks!

Malosma is a plant genus for which only a single species, Malosma laurina, is proposed.^[1] Common names for the species include laurel sumac and lentisco (Spanish). Malosma laurina is found along the southern California and Baja California coasts; the name "laurel" was chosen because the foliage is reminiscent of bay laurel (Laurus nobilis), which is an otherwise unrelated small tree of the Mediterranean region.^[2] The species was previously assigned to the genus Rhus, and was known as Rhus laurina.

Malosma laurina is a large, rounded evergreen shrub or small tree growing 3 to 5 meters (10-15 feet) tall. In bloom, it is intensely aromatic, and gives a characteristic odor to chapparal.^[3] The lance-shaped leaf blades are up to 10 cm (4") long, with reddish veins, petioles and stems (see photo in taxobox). The very small flowers have five white petals and five-lobed green sepals. Large clusters of these flowers occur at the ends of twigs in late spring and early summer. The clusters (panicles) are 7-15 cm (3 to 6 ") long, and are reminiscent of lilac (see photo).^[4]^[5] The fruit is a whitish drupe 3 mm (1/8") in diameter with a smooth, flattish stone inside (see photo).^[6]

Malosma laurina is distributed along the southern California coastline (from Point Conception south to La Paz), and on several of the Channel Islands lying off the coast.^[7]^[4]Malosma laurina is not frost-hardy.^[8]

Malosma laurina is presently used as a landscape plant in frost-free areas.^[8]

[hide]Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture
Rhus laurina, Nutt. (Lithraea laurina, Walp.). Aromatic, glabrous shrub: branchlets purplish: lvs. oblong-ovate to lanceolate, acute and mucronulate, rounded at the base, entire, 2-3 in. long: petioles 1/2-1 1/2 in. long: fls. in dense panicles, to 4 in. long, greenish white fr. ovoid, beaked, 1/6in. long, whitish, with a waxy covering. Summer. S. and Low. Calif. —Will thrive in the hottest and driest places; very handsome with its dark green glossy foliage. The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.

Cultivation

Propagation

Pests and diseases

Species

Gallery

If you have a photo of this plant, please upload it! Plus, there may be other photos available for you to add.

Fruits of Malosma laurina
photo 1
photo 2
photo 3

References

↑ Integrated Taxonomic Information System (2007). Malosma, retrieved June 10, 2007.
↑ "NPIN: Malosma laurina (Laurel sumac)," page of the website maintained by the Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center, University of Texas at Austin. Retrieved July 10, 2007.
↑ Sudderth, Carolanne (1999). "The Canyon's Own Perfume: Laurel Sumac," The Santa Monica Mirror, Vol. 1 (5), July 21-28, 1999. Online version retrieved June 10, 2007.
↑ ^{Jump up to: 4.0} ^4.1 Howard, Janet L. (1992). Malosma laurina, in: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). This article is remarkably comprehensive and well referenced. Webpage retrieved June 12, 2007.
↑ Seiler, John R., Jensen, Edward C., and Peterson, John A. (2007). "Malosma laurina Fact Sheet." Tree identification photographs and information from the Dendrology database and website maintained by the Department of Forestry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Retrieved June 23, 2007.
↑ Gatlin, Connie (undated). Malosma laurina (Laurel Sumac), from the San Diego Natural History Museum website, retrieved June 10, 2007.
↑ Wilken, Dieter H. (1993). Malosma, article in The Jepson manual: higher plants of California, James C. Hickman, editor (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993), ISBN 978-0520082557. Online version retrieved June 10, 2007.
↑ ^{Jump up to: 8.0} ^8.1 Rhus laurina Laurel Sumac, website of the Las Pilitas nursery. Retrieved June 10, 2007.

Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture, by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963

External links

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[ITIS-1] Integrated Taxonomic Information System (2007). Malosma, retrieved June 10, 2007.

[2] "NPIN: Malosma laurina (Laurel sumac)," page of the website maintained by the Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center, University of Texas at Austin. Retrieved July 10, 2007.

[3] Sudderth, Carolanne (1999). "The Canyon's Own Perfume: Laurel Sumac," The Santa Monica Mirror, Vol. 1 (5), July 21-28, 1999. Online version retrieved June 10, 2007.

[FEIS-4] {Jump up to: 4.0} ^4.1 Howard, Janet L. (1992). Malosma laurina, in: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). This article is remarkably comprehensive and well referenced. Webpage retrieved June 12, 2007.

[5] Seiler, John R., Jensen, Edward C., and Peterson, John A. (2007). "Malosma laurina Fact Sheet." Tree identification photographs and information from the Dendrology database and website maintained by the Department of Forestry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Retrieved June 23, 2007.

[6] Gatlin, Connie (undated). Malosma laurina (Laurel Sumac), from the San Diego Natural History Museum website, retrieved June 10, 2007.

[7] Wilken, Dieter H. (1993). Malosma, article in The Jepson manual: higher plants of California, James C. Hickman, editor (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993), ISBN 978-0520082557. Online version retrieved June 10, 2007.

[Laspilitas-8] {Jump up to: 8.0} ^8.1 Rhus laurina Laurel Sumac, website of the Las Pilitas nursery. Retrieved June 10, 2007.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{SPlantbox
+|familia=Anacardiaceae
+|genus=Malosma
+|habit=shrub
 |Min ht metric=cm
+|lifespan=perennial
+|exposure=sun
+|water=moderate, dry
 |Temp Metric=°F
 |jumpin=This is the plant information box - for information on light; water; zones; height; etc. If it is mostly empty you can help grow this page by clicking on the edit tab and filling in the blanks!
-|image=Upload.png
+|image=Malosma laurina 2.jpg
 |image_width=240
 }}
+[[Image:Malosma_laurina_1.jpg|thumb|right|300px|''Malosma laurina'']]'''''Malosma''''' is a plant genus for which only a single species, ''Malosma laurina'', is proposed.<ref name="ITIS">[[Integrated Taxonomic Information System]] (2007). [http://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=500407 ''Malosma''], retrieved June 10, 2007.</ref> Common names for the species include '''laurel sumac''' and '''lentisco''' (Spanish). ''Malosma laurina'' is found along the southern California and Baja California coasts; the name "laurel" was chosen because the foliage is reminiscent of bay laurel ([[Bay laurel|''Laurus nobilis'']]), which is an otherwise unrelated small tree of the Mediterranean region.<ref>[http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=MALA6 "NPIN: Malosma laurina (Laurel sumac),"] page of the [http://www.wildflower.org/about/ website] maintained by the Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center, University of Texas at Austin. Retrieved July 10, 2007.</ref> The species was previously assigned to the genus [[Rhus|''Rhus'']], and was known as ''Rhus laurina''.
+''Malosma laurina'' is a large, rounded evergreen shrub or small tree growing 3 to 5 meters (10-15 feet) tall. In bloom, it is intensely aromatic, and gives a characteristic odor to [[chapparal]].<ref>Sudderth, Carolanne (1999). [http://www.smmirror.com/Volume1/issue5/laurel_sumac.html "The Canyon's Own Perfume: Laurel Sumac,"] [[Santa Monica Mirror|''The Santa Monica Mirror'']], Vol. 1 (5), July 21-28, 1999. Online version retrieved June 10, 2007.</ref> The lance-shaped leaf blades are up to 10 cm (4") long, with reddish veins, [[Petiole (botany)|petiole]]s and stems (see photo in taxobox). The very small flowers have five white petals and five-lobed green [[sepal]]s. Large clusters of these flowers occur at the ends of twigs in late spring and early summer. The clusters ([[panicle|panicles]]) are 7-15 cm (3 to 6 ") long, and are reminiscent of [[lilac]] (see photo).<ref name="FEIS">Howard, Janet L. (1992). [http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/plants/shrub/mallau/all.html Malosma laurina], in: Fire Effects Information System, [Online].
+U.S. Department of Agriculture, [[United States Forest Service|Forest Service]],
+Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). This article is remarkably comprehensive and well referenced. Webpage retrieved June 12, 2007.</ref><ref>Seiler, John R., Jensen, Edward C., and Peterson, John A. (2007). [http://www.cnr.vt.edu/DENDRO/dendrology/syllabus2/factsheet.cfm?ID=562 "Malosma laurina Fact Sheet."] Tree identification photographs and information from the [http://www.cnr.vt.edu/DENDRO/dendrology/main.htm Dendrology database and website] maintained by the Department of Forestry, [[Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University]]. Retrieved June 23, 2007.</ref> The fruit is a whitish [[drupe]] 3 mm (1/8") in diameter with a smooth, flattish stone inside (see photo).<ref>Gatlin, Connie (undated). [http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/plants/malo-lau.html ''Malosma laurina'' (Laurel Sumac)], from the [[San Diego Natural History Museum]] website, retrieved June 10, 2007.</ref>
+''Malosma laurina'' is distributed along the southern California coastline (from [[Point Conception]] south to [[La Paz, Baja California Sur|La Paz]]), and on several of the [[Channel Islands of California|Channel Islands]] lying off the coast.<ref> Wilken, Dieter H. (1993). [http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?315,316 ''Malosma''], article in ''The Jepson manual: higher plants of California'', James C. Hickman, editor (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993), ISBN 978-0520082557. Online version retrieved June 10, 2007.</ref><ref name="FEIS" />''Malosma laurina'' is not frost-hardy.<ref name="Laspilitas"> [http://www.laspilitas.com/plants/571.htm Rhus laurina Laurel Sumac], website of the ''Las Pilitas'' nursery. Retrieved June 10, 2007.</ref>
+''Malosma laurina'' is presently used as a landscape plant in frost-free areas.<ref name="Laspilitas" />
 {{Inc|
 Rhus laurina, Nutt. (Lithraea laurina, Walp.). Aromatic, glabrous shrub: branchlets purplish: lvs. oblong-ovate to lanceolate, acute and mucronulate, rounded at the base, entire, 2-3 in. long: petioles  1/2-1 1/2 in. long: fls. in dense panicles, to 4 in. long, greenish white fr. ovoid, beaked, 1/6in. long, whitish, with a waxy covering. Summer. S. and Low. Calif. —Will thrive in the hottest and driest places; very handsome with its dark green glossy foliage.
 }}
-{{Taxobox
+==Cultivation==
-| color = lightgreen
+<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
-| name = ''Malosma''
-| image = Malosma laurina 1.jpg
+===Propagation===
-| image_width = 300px
+<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
-| image_caption = ©2007 Justin Taylor.
-| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
-| divisio = [[Magnoliophyta]]
-| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
-| ordo = [[Sapindales]]
-| familia = [[Anacardiaceae]]
-| genus = '''''Malosma'''''
-| genus_authority = Nutt. ex Abrams
-| subdivision_ranks = Species
-| subdivision =
-''Malosma laurina'' (Nutt.) Nutt. ex Abrams
-}}
-[[Image:Malosma_laurina_2.jpg|thumb|right|300px|''Malosma laurina'' in bloom. The [[bumblebee]] on the right side of the flower cluster (and near its middle) sets the scale of the photograph. ©2006 Jonathan Coffin]]'''''Malosma''''' is a plant genus for which only a single species, ''Malosma laurina'', is proposed.<ref name="ITIS">[[Integrated Taxonomic Information System]] (2007). [http://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=500407 ''Malosma''], retrieved June 10, 2007.</ref> Common names for the species include '''laurel sumac''' and '''lentisco''' (Spanish). ''Malosma laurina'' is found along the southern California and Baja California coasts; the name "laurel" was chosen because the foliage is reminiscent of bay laurel ([[Bay laurel|''Laurus nobilis'']]), which is an otherwise unrelated small tree of the Mediterranean region.<ref>[http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=MALA6 "NPIN: Malosma laurina (Laurel sumac),"] page of the [http://www.wildflower.org/about/ website] maintained by the Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center, University of Texas at Austin. Retrieved July 10, 2007.</ref> The species was previously assigned to the genus [[Rhus|''Rhus'']], and was known as ''Rhus laurina''.
-[[Image:Malosma_laurina_3.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Fruits of ''Malosma laurina''. ©2006 Jonathan Coffin]]''Malosma laurina'' is a large, rounded evergreen shrub or small tree growing 3 to 5 meters (10-15 feet) tall. In bloom, it is intensely aromatic, and gives a characteristic odor to [[chapparal]].<ref>Sudderth, Carolanne (1999). [http://www.smmirror.com/Volume1/issue5/laurel_sumac.html "The Canyon's Own Perfume: Laurel Sumac,"] [[Santa Monica Mirror|''The Santa Monica Mirror'']], Vol. 1 (5), July 21-28, 1999. Online version retrieved June 10, 2007.</ref> The lance-shaped leaf blades are up to 10 cm (4") long, with reddish veins, [[Petiole (botany)|petiole]]s and stems (see photo in taxobox). The very small flowers have five white petals and five-lobed green [[sepal]]s. Large clusters of these flowers occur at the ends of twigs in late spring and early summer. The clusters ([[panicle|panicles]]) are 7-15 cm (3 to 6 ") long, and are reminiscent of [[lilac]] (see photo).<ref name="FEIS">Howard, Janet L. (1992). [http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/plants/shrub/mallau/all.html Malosma laurina], in: Fire Effects Information System, [Online].
+===Pests and diseases===
-U.S. Department of Agriculture, [[United States Forest Service|Forest Service]],
+<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
-Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). This article is remarkably comprehensive and well referenced. Webpage retrieved June 12, 2007.</ref><ref>Seiler, John R., Jensen, Edward C., and Peterson, John A. (2007). [http://www.cnr.vt.edu/DENDRO/dendrology/syllabus2/factsheet.cfm?ID=562 "Malosma laurina Fact Sheet."] Tree identification photographs and information from the [http://www.cnr.vt.edu/DENDRO/dendrology/main.htm Dendrology database and website] maintained by the Department of Forestry, [[Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University]]. Retrieved June 23, 2007.</ref> The fruit is a whitish [[drupe]] 3 mm (1/8") in diameter with a smooth, flattish stone inside (see photo).<ref>Gatlin, Connie (undated). [http://www.sdnhm.org/fieldguide/plants/malo-lau.html ''Malosma laurina'' (Laurel Sumac)], from the [[San Diego Natural History Museum]] website, retrieved June 10, 2007.</ref>
-''Malosma laurina'' is distributed along the southern California coastline (from [[Point Conception]] south to [[La Paz, Baja California Sur|La Paz]]), and on several of the [[Channel Islands of California|Channel Islands]] lying off the coast.<ref> Wilken, Dieter H. (1993). [http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?315,316 ''Malosma''], article in ''The Jepson manual: higher plants of California'', James C. Hickman, editor (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993), ISBN 978-0520082557. Online version retrieved June 10, 2007.</ref><ref name="FEIS" />''Malosma laurina'' is not frost-hardy.<ref name="Laspilitas"> [http://www.laspilitas.com/plants/571.htm Rhus laurina Laurel Sumac], website of the ''Las Pilitas'' nursery. Retrieved June 10, 2007.</ref>
+==Species==
+<!--  This section should be renamed Cultivars if it appears on a page for a species (rather than genus), or perhaps Varieties if there is a mix of cultivars, species, hybrids, etc    -->
-''Malosma laurina'' occurs in [[coastal sage scrub]], [[chaparral]], and [[California oak woodland|oak woodland]] formations. It occasionally grows in nearly pure stands in coastal sage scrub; more frequently, it codominates with California sagebrush (''[[Artemisia californica]]'') and black, white, or purple sage (''[[Salvia mellifera]]'', [[Salvia apiana|''S. apiana'']], or [[Salvia leucophylla|''S. leucophylla'']]). In mixed chaparral, it often codominates with bigpod ceanothus
+==Gallery==
-([[Ceanothus|''Ceanothus megacarpus'']]) and spiny ceanothus ([[Ceanothus|''C. spinosus'']]). In woodlands, ''Malosma laurina'' is an understory associate in Engelmann oak ([[Quercus engelmannii|''Quercus engelmannii'']]), valley oak ([[Quercus lobata|''Q. lobata'']]), coast live oak ([[Quercus agrifolia|''Q. agrifolia'']]), and California black walnut ([[Juglans californica|''Juglans californica'']]).<ref name="FEIS" />
+{{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery  -->
-''Malosma laurina'' is presently used as a landscape plant in frost-free areas.<ref name="Laspilitas" /> The [[Chumash (tribe)|Chumash]] made flour from the dried fruits of ''Malosma laurina'', and they used the root bark to make a tea for treating [[dysentery]].<ref>Timbrook, Jan (1990). "Ethnobotany of Chumash Indians, California," based on collections by John P. Harrington. ''Economic Botany'', 44(2), 236-253.</ref> Naturally occurring plants have been used as "sentinel plants" by avocado and citrus growers to indicate areas that are free of frost and suitable for their orchards.<ref name="FEIS" />
+<gallery>
+Image:Malosma_laurina_3.jpg|Fruits of ''Malosma laurina''
+Image:Upload.png| photo 1
+Image:Upload.png| photo 2
+Image:Upload.png| photo 3
+</gallery>
 ==References==
 <references />
-==External Links==
+*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
-*[http://www.theodorepayne.org/gallery/pages/M/malosma_laurina.htm California Native Plants Gallery: Malosma laurina], website of the [[Theodore Payne Foundation|The Theodore Payne Foundation for Wildflowers & Native Plants]]. Several photographs of the fruit. Retrieved June 12, 2007.
+<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
-*[http://calphotos.berkeley.edu/cgi/img_query?where-genre=Plant&where-taxon=Malosma+laurina Photographs of ''Malosma laurina''], webpage from the [http://calphotos.berkeley.edu/ CalPhotos] database. Retrieved June 16, 2007.
+<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
+<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
+==External links==
+*{{wplink}}
-[[Category:Sapindales]][[Category:Flora of California]][[Category:Flora of Baja California]]
+{{stub}}
+__NOTOC__