Peking Willow: Difference between revisions

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|genus=Salix
|genus=Salix
|species=babylonica
|species=babylonica
|taxo_author=L.
|common_name=Peking willow, Weeping willow
|common_name=Peking willow, Weeping willow
|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|Max wd metric=ft
|Max wd metric=ft
|width_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
|width_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
|origin=China
|origin_ref=Sunset National Garden Book
|lifespan=perennial
|lifespan=perennial
|life_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
|life_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
|exposure=sun
|exposure=sun
|sun_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
|sun_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
|water=wet, moist
|water_ref=Sunset National Garden Book
|Temp Metric=°F
|Temp Metric=°F
|min_zone=5
|min_zone=5
|usda_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
|usda_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
|max_zone=10
|max_zone=10
|image=Upload.png
|image=SalixBabylonica.jpg
|image_width=240
|image_width=240
|image_caption=Peking Willows
}}
}}
__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
'''''Salix babylonica''''' ('''Babylon Willow''' (var. ''babylonica'') or '''Peking Willow''' (var. ''matsudana''); is a species of [[willow]] native to dry areas of northern [[China]], but cultivated for millennia elsewhere in [[Asia]], being traded along the [[silk road]] to southwest Asia and [[Europe]].<ref name=foc>Flora of China: [http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200005760 ''Salix babylonica'']</ref><ref name=grin>Germplasm Resources Information Network: [http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?32683 ''Salix babylonica'']</ref>
| name = ''Salix babylonica''
 
| common_names = Peking Willow
It is a large-sized to medium [[deciduous]] tree, growing up to 20-25 m tall. It grows rapidly, but has a short lifespan. The shoots are yellowish-brown, with small buds. The [[leaf|leaves]] are spirally arranged, narrow, light green, 4-16&nbsp;cm long and 0.5-2&nbsp;cm broad, with finely serrate margins and long [[leaf shape|acuminate]] tips ; they turn a gold-yellow in autumn. The [[flower]]s are arranged in [[catkin]]s produced early in the spring; it is [[plant sexuality|dioecious]], with the male and female catkins on separate trees.<ref name=foc/><ref name=rhs>Huxley, A., ed. (1992). ''New RHS Dictionary of Gardening''. Macmillan ISBN 0-333-47494-5.</ref>
| growth_habit = ?  <!--- tree, shrub, herbaceous, vine, etc -->
 
| high = ?  <!--- 1m (3 ft) -->
| wide =     <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->
| origin = China{{SCH}}
| poisonous =     <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous -->
| lifespan = perennial
| exposure = full sun{{SSN}}
| water = lots of water{{SSN}}
| features =    <!--- flowers, fragrance, fruit, naturalizes, invasive -->
| hardiness =     <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5°C (40°F), etc -->
| bloom =    <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->
| usda_zones = ?   <!--- eg. 8-11 -->
| sunset_zones =    <!--- eg. 8, 9, 12-24, not available -->
| color = IndianRed
| image = SalixBabylonica.jpg
| image_width = 240px    <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
| image_caption = Peking Willows planted at [[Shijiazhuang]], south of [[Beijing]], China
| regnum = Plantae
| divisio = Magnoliophyta
| classis = Magnoliopsida
| ordo = Malpighiales
| familia = Salicaceae
| genus = Salix
| species = babylonica
| subspecies =
| cultivar =  
}}
{{Inc|
{{Inc|
'''''[[Salix]] babylonica'''.'' (syn. S. pendula). Napoleon's Willow. A tree of weeping habit, 30-40 ft. high, with long slender olive-green or purplish branches: buds small, acute: lvs. 2-6 in. long, attenuate at base and apex: aments appearing with the lvs., slender, the pistillate green, 1 in. long, caps. small. China.—Long known in cult. and often grown in cemeteries. Tender N. Var. annularis, Forbes, lvs. twisted back so as to form a sort of ring.
'''''[[Salix]] babylonica'''.'' (syn. S. pendula). Napoleon's Willow. A tree of weeping habit, 30-40 ft. high, with long slender olive-green or purplish branches: buds small, acute: lvs. 2-6 in. long, attenuate at base and apex: aments appearing with the lvs., slender, the pistillate green, 1 in. long, caps. small. China.—Long known in cult. and often grown in cemeteries. Tender N. Var. annularis, Forbes, lvs. twisted back so as to form a sort of ring.
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==Cultivation==
==Cultivation==
[[Image:Willow Salix babylonica.jpg|200px|thumb|Leaves of Peking Willow]]
 
{{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->


===Propagation===
===Propagation===
{{edit-prop}}<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
 


===Pests and diseases===
===Pests and diseases===
{{edit-pests}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
It has also been introduced into many other areas, but has not generally been successfully cultivated outside China, being very short-lived and unsightly due to [[canker]] diseases in the more humid [[climate]]s in much of [[Europe]] and [[North America]]. It is particularly susceptible to [[canker]] disease, Willow Anthracnose (''Marssonina salicicola'') and sensitive to late-spring frosts.<ref name=bean4/><ref name=rdm>Meikle, R. D. (1984). ''Willows and Poplars of Great Britain and Ireland''. BSBI Handbook No. 4. ISBN 0-901158-07-0.</ref>
 
==Varieties==
{{Redirect|Weeping willow||Weeping Willow (disambiguation)}}
of var. ''babylonica'' (Babylon Willow).
* 'Babylon' (synonym: 'Napoleon') The most widely grown cultivar with its typical weeping branches<ref>Santamour, F.S. & McArdle, A.J. (1988). Cultivars of Salix babylonica and other Weeping
Willows. Journal of Arboriculture 14: 180-184</ref>
* 'Crispa' (synonym: 'Annularis') A mutant of 'Babylon' with spirally curled leaves
 
of var. ''matsudana'' (Pekin Willow).
* 'Pendula' One of the best weeping trees, with a silvery shine, hardier and more disease resistant.
* 'Tortuosa' Upright tree with twisted and contorted branches.


==Species==
Early Chinese [[cultivar]] selections include the original Weeping Willow ''Salix babylonica'' 'Pendula', in which the branches and twigs are strongly pendulous. However, most Weeping Willows outside China are [[Hybrid (biology)|hybrids]] between this cultivar, and either White Willow ''[[Salix alba]]'' ([[Salix Sepulcralis Group]]) or Crack Willow ''[[Salix fragilis]]'' (''Salix × pendulina'' Wenderoth), which are better adapted to the more humid climates of most heavily populated regions of Europe and North America. The most widely grown Weeping Willow cultivar is [[Salix Sepulcralis Group 'Chrysocoma']], with bright yellowish shoots.<ref name=bean4/><ref name=rdm/>
<!--  This section should be renamed Cultivars if it appears on a page for a species (rather than genus), or perhaps Varieties if there is a mix of cultivars, species, hybrids, etc    -->


==Gallery==
==Gallery==
{{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery  -->


<gallery>
<gallery perrow=5>
Image:Upload.png| photo 1
File:Saule pleureur chaton.jpg|Flower
Image:Upload.png| photo 2
Image:Willow Salix babylonica.jpg|Leaves
Image:Upload.png| photo 3
File:Salix babylonica2.jpg|Bark
File:SalixBabylonicaLeaf.jpg|Leaf
</gallery>
</gallery>


==References==
==References==
<references/>
*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
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*{{wplink}}
*{{wplink}}


[[Category:Categorize]]
{{stub}}
 
__NOTOC__
<!--  in order to add all the proper categories, go to http://www.plants.am/wiki/Plant_Categories and copy/paste the contents of the page here, and then follow the easy instructions!    -->

Revision as of 16:41, 7 May 2010

 Salix babylonica subsp. var.  Peking willow, Weeping willow
Peking Willows
The query description has an empty condition.: tree
Height: ⇕ to
Width: ⇔ to
40ft 35ft
Height: ⇕ The wikipage input value is empty (e.g. <code>SomeProperty::, [[]]</code>) and therefore it cannot be used as a name or as part of a query condition. to 40 ft
Width: ⇔ The wikipage input value is empty (e.g. <code>SomeProperty::, [[]]</code>) and therefore it cannot be used as a name or as part of a query condition. to 35 ft
The query description has an empty condition.: ⌛ perennial
Origin: ✈ China
Poisonous: ☠
Bloom: ❀
The query description has an empty condition.: ☼ sun
The query description has an empty condition.: ◍ wet, moist
Features: ✓
Hidden fields, interally pass variables to right place
Minimum Temp: ☃ °F
USDA Zones: 5 to 10
Sunset Zones:
Flower features: ❀
Salicaceae > Salix babylonica var. , L.



Salix babylonica (Babylon Willow (var. babylonica) or Peking Willow (var. matsudana); is a species of willow native to dry areas of northern China, but cultivated for millennia elsewhere in Asia, being traded along the silk road to southwest Asia and Europe.[1][2]

It is a large-sized to medium deciduous tree, growing up to 20-25 m tall. It grows rapidly, but has a short lifespan. The shoots are yellowish-brown, with small buds. The leaves are spirally arranged, narrow, light green, 4-16 cm long and 0.5-2 cm broad, with finely serrate margins and long acuminate tips ; they turn a gold-yellow in autumn. The flowers are arranged in catkins produced early in the spring; it is dioecious, with the male and female catkins on separate trees.[1][3]


Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture

Salix babylonica. (syn. S. pendula). Napoleon's Willow. A tree of weeping habit, 30-40 ft. high, with long slender olive-green or purplish branches: buds small, acute: lvs. 2-6 in. long, attenuate at base and apex: aments appearing with the lvs., slender, the pistillate green, 1 in. long, caps. small. China.—Long known in cult. and often grown in cemeteries. Tender N. Var. annularis, Forbes, lvs. twisted back so as to form a sort of ring.


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Cultivation

Propagation

Pests and diseases

It has also been introduced into many other areas, but has not generally been successfully cultivated outside China, being very short-lived and unsightly due to canker diseases in the more humid climates in much of Europe and North America. It is particularly susceptible to canker disease, Willow Anthracnose (Marssonina salicicola) and sensitive to late-spring frosts.[4][5]

Varieties

"Weeping willow" redirects here. For other uses, see Weeping Willow (disambiguation).

of var. babylonica (Babylon Willow).

  • 'Babylon' (synonym: 'Napoleon') The most widely grown cultivar with its typical weeping branches[6]
  • 'Crispa' (synonym: 'Annularis') A mutant of 'Babylon' with spirally curled leaves

of var. matsudana (Pekin Willow).

  • 'Pendula' One of the best weeping trees, with a silvery shine, hardier and more disease resistant.
  • 'Tortuosa' Upright tree with twisted and contorted branches.

Early Chinese cultivar selections include the original Weeping Willow Salix babylonica 'Pendula', in which the branches and twigs are strongly pendulous. However, most Weeping Willows outside China are hybrids between this cultivar, and either White Willow Salix alba (Salix Sepulcralis Group) or Crack Willow Salix fragilis (Salix × pendulina Wenderoth), which are better adapted to the more humid climates of most heavily populated regions of Europe and North America. The most widely grown Weeping Willow cultivar is Salix Sepulcralis Group 'Chrysocoma', with bright yellowish shoots.[4][5]

Gallery

  • Flower
    Flower
  • Leaves
    Leaves
  • Bark
    Bark
  • Leaf
    Leaf

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Flora of China: Salix babylonica
  2. ↑ Germplasm Resources Information Network: Salix babylonica
  3. ↑ Huxley, A., ed. (1992). New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. Macmillan ISBN 0-333-47494-5.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named bean4
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Meikle, R. D. (1984). Willows and Poplars of Great Britain and Ireland. BSBI Handbook No. 4. ISBN 0-901158-07-0.
  6. ↑ Santamour, F.S. & McArdle, A.J. (1988). Cultivars of Salix babylonica and other Weeping Willows. Journal of Arboriculture 14: 180-184

External links


Retrieved from "https://test.gardenology.org/w/index.php?title=Peking_Willow&oldid=127956"