Acacia berlandieri: Difference between revisions

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{{SPlantbox
{{SPlantbox
|familia=Fabaceae
|familia=Fabaceae
|genus=Acacia  
|genus=Acacia
|species=berlandieri  
|species=berlandieri
|common_name=Berlandier's acacia, Guajillo, Plains acacia
|common_name=Berlandier's acacia, Guajillo, Plains acacia
|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|usda_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
|usda_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
|max_zone=9
|max_zone=9
|image=Upload.png
|sunset_zones=12, 13, 26-29
|image_width=240
|image=Acacia berlandieri branch.jpg
|image_width=220
}}
}}
{{Plantbox
| color = IndianRed
| sunset_zones = 12, 13, 26-29
| name = ''Acacia berlandieri''
| image = Acacia berlandieri branch.jpg
}}
{{about|the shrub|the chili pepper|Guajillo chili}}
'''''Acacia berlandieri''''' ('''Berlandier Acacia''', '''Guajillo Acacia''', '''guajillo''', '''huajillo''') is a [[shrub]] native to the [[Southwestern United States]] that belongs to the [[Mimosaceae]] (wattle family). It grows 1m to 5m tall, with [[blossom]]s that are spherical and white, occurring from February through April.<ref name "npin">[http://wildflower.utexas.edu/plants/result.php?id_plant=ACBE University of Texas Native Plant Information Network]</ref>  The ''berlandieri'' epithet comes from the name of [[Jean-Louis Berlandier]]<ref>
'''''Acacia berlandieri''''' ('''Berlandier Acacia''', '''Guajillo Acacia''', '''guajillo''', '''huajillo''') is a [[shrub]] native to the [[Southwestern United States]] that belongs to the [[Mimosaceae]] (wattle family). It grows 1m to 5m tall, with [[blossom]]s that are spherical and white, occurring from February through April.<ref name "npin">[http://wildflower.utexas.edu/plants/result.php?id_plant=ACBE University of Texas Native Plant Information Network]</ref>  The ''berlandieri'' epithet comes from the name of [[Jean-Louis Berlandier]]<ref>
{{cite book
{{cite book
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   | accessdate =  2007-04-01
   | accessdate =  2007-04-01
   | doi =10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00240-9}}</ref>
   | doi =10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00240-9}}</ref>
[[Image:Acacia-berlandieri-flowers.jpg|thumb|left|250px|''Acacia berlandieri'' Foliage and Flowers]]
[[Image:Acacia-berlandieri-habit.jpg|thumb|left|250px|''Acacia berlandieri'' Tree]]
[[Image:Acacia-berlandieri-bark.jpg|thumb|left|250px|''Acacia berlandieri'' Bark]]
[[Image:Acacia-berlandieri-pods.jpg|thumb|left|250px|''Acacia berlandieri'' Flowers and Seed Pods]]
[[Image:Acacia berlandieri seeds.jpg|thumb|left|250px|''Acacia berlandieri'' Seeds]]


==Cultivation==
==Cultivation==


==Propagation==


==Pests and diseases==
===Propagation===


== Uses ==
''A. berlandieri'' is toxic to [[livestock]] and thus should not be used as [[forage]] or [[fodder]].<ref>[http://texnat.tamu.edu/cmplants/toxic/plants/guajillo.html Texas Toxic Plants]</ref>


== Alkaloids ==
===Pests and diseases===
''A. berlandieri'' contains a number of diverse [[alkaloids]], the most plentiful of which are [[N-Methylphenethylamine|N-methylphenethylamine]], [[tyramine]], and [[phenethylamine]]. In a recent study, researchers identified thirty-one alkaloids in samples of plant foliage, including trace amounts of five [[amphetamine]]s previously believed to be human inventions:<ref>[http://www.cognitiveliberty.org/shulgin/adsarchive/acacia.htm Ask Dr. Shulgin Online: Acacias and Natural Amphetamine]</ref> amphetamine, [[methamphetamine]], [[N,N-Dimethylamphetamine|N,N-dimethylamphetamine]], [[p-Hydroxyamphetamine|p-hydroxyamphetamine]] and [[PMA|p-methoxyamphetamine]]. Other trace alkaloids include [[dimethyltryptamine|DMT]] (found in many related species), [[nicotine]], and [[mescaline]] (found in many [[cacti]] but infrequently in other plants). The same group of researchers later reported finding most of the same alkaloids in ''[[Acacia rigidula|A. rigidula]]'', a related species also native to the Southwestern U.S. The findings, however, have never been confirmed or repeated, leading some researchers to believe the results were the result of cross-contamination.


==History==


==Taxonomy==
==Varieties==
{{Taxbox
| color = IndianRed
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
| ordo = [[Fabales]]
| familia = [[Fabaceae]]
| subfamilia = [[Mimosoideae]]
| tribus = Acacieae
| genus = ''[[Acacia]]''
| species = '''''A. berlandieri'''''
| binomial = ''Acacia berlandieri''
| binomial_authority = [[George Bentham|Benth.]]
| range_map = Acacia-berliandieri-range-map.png
| range_map_caption = Range of ''Acacia berlandieri''
| status = G4
| status_system = TNC
}}


==Distribution and habitat==


== References ==
==Gallery==
<gallery perrow=5>
Image:Acacia-berlandieri-flowers.jpg|''Acacia berlandieri'' Foliage and Flowers
Image:Acacia-berlandieri-habit.jpg|''Acacia berlandieri'' Tree
Image:Acacia-berlandieri-bark.jpg|''Acacia berlandieri'' Bark
Image:Acacia-berlandieri-pods.jpg|''Acacia berlandieri'' Flowers and Seed Pods
Image:Acacia berlandieri seeds.jpg|''Acacia berlandieri'' Seeds
</gallery>


==References==
<references/>
<references/>
<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->


== External links ==
==External links==
*[http://uvalde.tamu.edu/pdf/chemtdaf.pdf Chemistry of Acacia's from South Texas]
*{{wplink}}
 
{{wikispecies|Acacia berlandieri}}


[[Category:Acacia|Berlandieri, Acacia]]
{{stub}}
[[Category:Medicinal plants]]
__NOTOC__
[[Category:Shrubs]]

Latest revision as of 00:47, 2 July 2010

 Acacia berlandieri subsp. var.  Berlandier's acacia, Guajillo, Plains acacia
The query description has an empty condition.: [[Category:]]
Height: ⇕ to
Width: ⇔ to
10ft17ft 10ft17ft
Height: ⇕ 10 ft to 17 ft
Width: ⇔ 10 ft to 17 ft
The query description has an empty condition.: ⌛ perennial
Origin: ✈
Poisonous: ☠
Bloom: ❀ early spring, mid spring, late spring
The query description has an empty condition.: ☼ sun, part-sun
The query description has an empty condition.: ◍
Features: ✓ flowers
Hidden fields, interally pass variables to right place
Minimum Temp: ☃ °F
USDA Zones: 8 to 9
Sunset Zones: 12, 13, 26-29
Flower features: ❀ white
Fabaceae > Acacia berlandieri var. ,



Acacia berlandieri (Berlandier Acacia, Guajillo Acacia, guajillo, huajillo) is a shrub native to the Southwestern United States that belongs to the Mimosaceae (wattle family). It grows 1m to 5m tall, with blossoms that are spherical and white, occurring from February through April.[1] The berlandieri epithet comes from the name of Jean-Louis Berlandier[2], a French naturalist who studied wildlife native to Texas and Mexico. A. berlandieri contains a wide variety of alkaloids and has been known to cause toxic reactions in domestic animals such as goats.[3]

Cultivation

Propagation

Pests and diseases

Varieties

Gallery

  • Acacia berlandieri Foliage and Flowers
    Acacia berlandieri Foliage and Flowers
  • Acacia berlandieri Tree
    Acacia berlandieri Tree
  • Acacia berlandieri Bark
    Acacia berlandieri Bark
  • Acacia berlandieri Flowers and Seed Pods
    Acacia berlandieri Flowers and Seed Pods
  • Acacia berlandieri Seeds
    Acacia berlandieri Seeds

References

  1. ↑ University of Texas Native Plant Information Network
  2. ↑ Holloway, Joel Ellis (2005). A Dictionary of Common Wildflowers of Texas & the Southern Great Plains. Texas Christian University Press. ISBN 354063293X. 
  3. ↑ Clement, Beverly A.; Christina M. Goff and T. David A. Forbes (September 1997). "Toxic amines and alkaloids from Acacia berlandieri". Phytochemistry (Elsevier) 46 (2): 249–254. doi:10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00240-9. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6TH7-3SCB6WX-1N&_user=10&_coverDate=09%2F30%2F1997&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=b215a5ead4e2fc6cc27a4cf30ced3f5e. Retrieved 2007-04-01. 

External links


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