Salix nigra: Difference between revisions

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__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
| name = ''Salix nigra''
| common_names = Black Willow
| growth_habit =    <!--- tree, shrub, herbaceous, vine, etc -->
| high =    <!--- 1m (3 ft) -->
| wide =    <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->
| origin = E United States
| poisonous =    <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous -->
| lifespan =    <!--- perennial, annual, etc -->
| exposure =    <!--- full sun, part-sun, semi-shade, shade, indoors, bright filtered (you may list more than 1) -->
| water =    <!--- frequent, regular, moderate, drought tolerant, let dry then soak -->
| features =    <!--- flowers, fragrance, fruit, naturalizes, invasive -->
| hardiness =    <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5°C (40°F), etc -->
| bloom =    <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->
| usda_zones =    <!--- eg. 8-11 -->
| sunset_zones =    <!--- eg. 8, 9, 12-24, not available -->
| color = IndianRed
| image = Salix-nigra(01).jpg
| image_width = 200px    <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
| image_caption =    <!--- eg. Cultivated freesias -->
| regnum = Plantae
| divisio = Magnoliophyta
| classis = Magnoliopsida
| ordo = Malpighiales
| familia = Salicaceae
| genus = Salix
| species = nigra
| subspecies =
| cultivar =
}}
{{Inc|
{{Inc|
Salix nigra, Marsh. Black Willow. Fig. 3526. Tree, 30-40 ft. high: bark flaky, often becoming shaggy: twigs brittle at base: buds small: lvs. lanceolate, green both sides, finely and evenly serrate: aments 1-2 in. long; scales oblong, deciduous; stamens 3-6; ovary ovate-conical, glabrous; style short but distinct. E. N. Amer. Var. falcata, Pursh. Lvs. elongated, narrow and falcate.
[[Salix]] nigra. Black Willow. Fig. 3526. Tree, 30-40 ft. high: bark flaky, often becoming shaggy: twigs brittle at base: buds small: lvs. lanceolate, green both sides, finely and evenly serrate: aments 1-2 in. long; scales oblong, deciduous; stamens 3-6; ovary ovate-conical, glabrous; style short but distinct. E. N. Amer. Var. falcata, Pursh. Lvs. elongated, narrow and falcate.
}}
}}


{{Taxobox
==Cultivation==
| color = lightgreen
{{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
| name = Black Willow
 
| image = Salix-nigra(01).jpg
===Propagation===
| image_width = 200px
{{edit-prop}}<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
| status = G5
 
| status_system = TNC
===Pests and diseases===
| status_ref = <ref name=natureserve>{{Cite web
{{edit-pests}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
  | publisher =NatureServe
  | title = Salix nigra
  | work = NatureServe Explorer
  | url = http://www.natureserve.org/explorer/servlet/NatureServe?searchName=Salix+nigra+
  | accessdate = 2007-07-22}}</ref>
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
| classis = [[Dicotyledon|Magnoliopsida]]
| ordo = [[Malpighiales]]
| familia = [[Salicaceae]]
| genus = ''[[Willow|Salix]]''
| species = '''''S. nigra'''''
| binomial = ''Salix nigra''
| binomial_authority = Marsh.
}}


'''''Salix nigra''''', commonly known as the '''black willow''', is a tree species native to eastern [[North America]]. It is present from [[Nova Scotia]] and southern [[Ontario]], west to [[Nebraska]] and southeastern [[Arizona]] and south to [[Florida]] and northeastern [[Mexico]]. The largest American species of willow, it is typically found along streams and in swamps, hence it is also known as the '''swamp willow''' (not to be confused with ''[[Swamp Willow|Salix myrtilloides]]''). Goodding's willow  (''[[Salix gooddingii]]'') is sometimes considered a variety of the black willow, which would extend its range to western North America.
==Species==
<!--  This section should be renamed Cultivars if it appears on a page for a species (rather than genus), or perhaps Varieties if there is a mix of cultivars, species, hybrids, etc    -->


==Description==
==Gallery==
It is a small to medium-sized [[deciduous]] [[tree]], growing to 20-30 m in good conditions, exceptionally up to 40 m. It has long, thin [[leaf|leaves]], 7-13 cm long and 1-2 cm broad, dark, shiny green color, with a lighter green underside. It is [[Plant sexuality|dioecious]], with small, green [[flower]]s that are borne on [[catkin]]s 2.5-7.5 cm long. The [[fruit]] is a 5 mm [[capsule (fruit)|capsule]] which splits open when mature to release the numerous minute, down-covered [[seed]]s.
{{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery  -->


==Uses==
<gallery>
Black Willow roots are very bitter, and have been used as a substitute for [[quinine]] in the past.
Image:Upload.png| photo 1
The Great Lakes Ojibwe used the young branches and twigs to make baskets and other parts were used to treat indigestion.
Image:Upload.png| photo 2
Image:Upload.png| photo 3
</gallery>


==References==  
==References==
{{reflist}}
*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->


==External links==
==External links==
*[http://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/species/sani.htm Bioimages: ''Salix nigra'']
*{{wplink}}
*[http://www.borealforest.org/world/trees/black_willow.htm Borealforest: ''Salix nigra'']
 
*{{commons-inline}}
{{stub}}
[[Category:Categorize]]


[[Category:Salicaceae|Willow, Black]]
<!--  in order to add all the proper categories, go to http://www.plants.am/wiki/Plant_Categories and copy/paste the contents of the page here, and then follow the easy instructions!    -->
[[Category:Medicinal plants]]
[[Category:Flora of Canada]]
[[Category:Flora of the United States]]
[[Category:Flora of Mexico]]

Revision as of 21:55, 30 April 2009

Salix nigra
{{{latin_name}}}
 Black Willow
Habit:
Height: ⇕
Width: ⇔
Lifespan: ⌛
Origin: ✈ E United States
Poisonous: ☠
Exposure: ☼
Water: ◍
Features: ✓
Hardiness: ☃
Bloom: ❀
USDA Zones:
Sunset Zones:
[[{{{domain}}}]] > [[{{{superregnum}}}]] > Plantae > [[{{{subregnum}}}]] > [[{{{superdivisio}}}]] > [[{{{superphylum}}}]] > Magnoliophyta > [[{{{phylum}}}]] > [[{{{subdivisio}}}]] > [[{{{subphylum}}}]] > [[{{{infraphylum}}}]] > [[{{{microphylum}}}]] > [[{{{nanophylum}}}]] > [[{{{superclassis}}}]] > Magnoliopsida > [[{{{subclassis}}}]] > [[{{{infraclassis}}}]] > [[{{{superordo}}}]] > Malpighiales > [[{{{subordo}}}]] > [[{{{infraordo}}}]] > [[{{{superfamilia}}}]] > Salicaceae > [[{{{subfamilia}}}]] > [[{{{supertribus}}}]] > [[{{{tribus}}}]] > [[{{{subtribus}}}]] > Salix {{{subgenus}}} {{{sectio}}} {{{series}}} nigra var.




Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture

Salix nigra. Black Willow. Fig. 3526. Tree, 30-40 ft. high: bark flaky, often becoming shaggy: twigs brittle at base: buds small: lvs. lanceolate, green both sides, finely and evenly serrate: aments 1-2 in. long; scales oblong, deciduous; stamens 3-6; ovary ovate-conical, glabrous; style short but distinct. E. N. Amer. Var. falcata, Pursh. Lvs. elongated, narrow and falcate.


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Cultivation

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Propagation

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Pests and diseases

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Species

Gallery

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  • photo 1
    photo 1
  • photo 2
    photo 2
  • photo 3
    photo 3

References

External links


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