Bactris major

Bactris major subsp. var.

Black roseau, Kawmaka, Prickly palm

Habit:		palm-cycad
Height:	⇕	to
Width:	⇔	to
	15 m
Height:	⇕	The wikipage input value is empty (e.g. <code>SomeProperty::, [[]]</code>) and therefore it cannot be used as a name or as part of a query condition. to 15 m
Width:	⇔	The wikipage input value is empty (e.g. <code>SomeProperty::, [[]]</code>) and therefore it cannot be used as a name or as part of a query condition. to The wikipage input value is empty (e.g. <code>SomeProperty::, [[]]</code>) and therefore it cannot be used as a name or as part of a query condition.
Lifespan:	⌛	perennial
Origin:	✈	Surinam
Poisonous:	☠
Bloom:	❀

Exposure:	☼
Water:	◍
Features:	✓	evergreen
Hidden fields, interally pass variables to right place
Minimum Temp:	☃	°F
USDA Zones:		11 to 12
Sunset Zones:
Flower features:	❀

Arecaceae >

Bactris

major

var.

,

Bactris major is a small to medium sized (1–10 m tall) spiny palm which ranges from Mexico, through Central America into northern South America and Trinidad.^[1]^[2] The species is divided into three^[2] or four^[1] varieties, although the boundaries between varieties is not always clearly defined.^[1]

The fruits are eaten or used to flavour drinks.^[1]

[hide]Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture
Bactris major, Jacq. Beach Palm. St. 9-15 ft. high, 1-1½ in. diam., armed with rows of black spines 2 in. long: petiole armed with very long black, terete spines; Lvs. 4-6 ft. long, equally pinnatisect nearly to the rachis; sheath and rachis spiny and white or brown tomentose; segms. linear, acute at both ends, 25-35 on each side, 1-nerved, 8-12 in. long, ⅓-½ in. wide, glabrous on both sides, densely setose, with black hairs along the margin.: frs. about the size of an apricot, edible. Brazil. The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.

Cultivation

Propagation

Pests and diseases

Varieties

Rafaël Govaerts recognised three varieties:

Bactris major var. major^[3]
Bactris major var. infesta (Mart.) Drude^[4]
Bactris major var. socialis (Mart.) Drude^[5]

Andrew Henderson and co-authors recognised a fourth variety, Bactris major var. megalocarpa (Trail ex Thurn) A.J.Hend.,^[1] but Govaerts considered this to be a synonym of Bactris major var. major.^[6]

Synonyms:
Bactris ovata Stokes (nom. illeg.), Augustinea major (Jacq.) H.Karst., Pyrenoglyphis major (Jacq.) H.Karst., (of Bactris major)^[2] --
Bactris chaetorhachis Mart., Bactris minax Miq., Augustinea balanoidea Oerst., Augustinea ovata Oerst., Bactris cruegeriana Griseb., Pyrenoglyphis balanoidea (Oerst.) H.Karst., Pyrenoglyphis ovata (Oerst.) H.Karst., Bactris balanoidea (Oerst.) H.Wendl., Bactris ovata (Oerst.) H.Wendl. (nom. illeg.), Bactris megalocarpa Trail ex Thurn, Bactris ottostapfiana Barb.Rodr., Bactris augustinea L.H.Bailey, Bactris superior L.H.Bailey, Pyrenoglyphis chaetorhachis (Mart.) Burret, Pyrenoglyphis ottostapfiana (Barb.Rodr.) Burret, Pyrenoglyphis superior (L.H.Bailey) Burret, Bactris albonotata L.H.Bailey, Bactris beata L.H.Bailey, Bactris broadwayi L.H.Bailey, Bactris cateri L.H.Bailey, Bactris ellipsoidalis L.H.Bailey, Bactris obovoidea L.H.Bailey, Bactris planifolia L.H.Bailey, Bactris swabeyi L.H.Bailey, Bactris demerarana L.H.Bailey, Pyrenoglyphis cruegeriana (Griseb.) H.Karst., Bactris major var. megalocarpa (Trail ex Thurn) A.J.Hend., (of Bactris major var. major)^[3] --
Bactris infesta Mart., Pyrenoglyphis infesta (Mart.) Burret, Bactris exaltata Barb.Rodr., Bactris nemorosa Barb.Rodr., Bactris socialis subsp. curuena Trail, Bactris socialis subsp. gaviona Trail, Bactris curuena (Trail) Trail ex Drude, Bactris gaviona (Trail) Trail ex Drude, Bactris chapadensis Barb.Rodr., Bactris major var. mattogrossensis Kuntze, Bactris mattogrossensis Barb.Rodr., Pyrenoglyphis chapadensis (Barb.Rodr.) Burret, Pyrenoglyphis curuena (Trail) Burret, Pyrenoglyphis exaltata (Barb.Rodr.) Burret, Pyrenoglyphis gaviona (Trail) Burret, Pyrenoglyphis mattogrossensis (Barb.Rodr.) Burret, Pyrenoglyphis nemorosa (Barb.Rodr.) Burret, (of Bactris major var. infesta)^[4] --
Bactris socialis Mart. , Pyrenoglyphis socialis (Mart.) Burret, (of Bactris major var. socialis)^[5]

Gallery

photo 1
photo 2
photo 3

References

↑ ^{Jump up to: 1.0} ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 Henderson, Andrew; Gloria Galeano; Rodrigo Bernal (1995). Field Guide to the Palms of the Americas. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-08537-4.
↑ ^{Jump up to: 2.0} ^2.1 ^2.2 "Bactris major". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved on 2007-09-08.
↑ ^{Jump up to: 3.0} ^3.1 "Bactris major var. major". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved on 2007-09-08.
↑ ^{Jump up to: 4.0} ^4.1 "Bactris major var. infesta (Mart.) Drude". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved on 2007-09-08.
↑ ^{Jump up to: 5.0} ^5.1 "Bactris major var. socialis (Mart.) Drude". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved on 2007-09-08.
↑ "Bactris major var. megalocarpa (Trail ex Thurn) A.J.Hend.". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved on 2007-09-08.

Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture, by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963

External links

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[Henderson-1] {Jump up to: 1.0} ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 Henderson, Andrew; Gloria Galeano; Rodrigo Bernal (1995). Field Guide to the Palms of the Americas. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-08537-4.

[Kew-2] {Jump up to: 2.0} ^2.1 ^2.2 "Bactris major". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved on 2007-09-08.

[var1-3] {Jump up to: 3.0} ^3.1 "Bactris major var. major". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved on 2007-09-08.

[var2-4] {Jump up to: 4.0} ^4.1 "Bactris major var. infesta (Mart.) Drude". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved on 2007-09-08.

[var3-5] {Jump up to: 5.0} ^5.1 "Bactris major var. socialis (Mart.) Drude". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved on 2007-09-08.

[6] "Bactris major var. megalocarpa (Trail ex Thurn) A.J.Hend.". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved on 2007-09-08.

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